Quality of Vermicompost and Microbial Community Diversity Affected by the Contrasting Temperature during Vermicomposting of Dewatered Sludge
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Experimental Setup
2.2. Physicochemical and Enzymatic Properties
2.3. DNA Extraction, PCR and Sequencing
2.4. Statistical Methods
3. Results
3.1. Changes in Physicochemical Properties
3.2. Changes in Microbial Activity and Abundance
3.3. Stabilization Process. of Vermicomposting
3.4. Changes in Microbial Community Structure
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Parameters | Initial Sludge | Vermicomposting after 60 days | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
15 °C | 20 °C | 25 °C | ||
Water content (%) | 80.38 ± 0.01 | 80.15 ± 0.0 | 80.37 ± 0.0 | 80.53 ± 0.0 |
Organic matter (%) | 68.0 ± 7.7 | 55.0 ± 1.16 | 51.7 ± 1.99 | 49.8 ± 1.42 |
pH | 6.77 ± 0.005 | 6.53 ± 0.005 | 6.77 ± 0.00 | 7.01 ± 0.00 |
Electrical conductivity (μs/cm) | 573 ± 8.49 | 911.5 ± 2.04 | 1097.5 ± 6.94 | 2100 ± 16.33 |
Dissolved organic carbon (mg/kg) | 16.69 ± 0.13 | 14.05 ± 0.04 | 13.92 ± 0.04 | 9.17 ± 0.05 |
Ammonium (mg/kg) | 7.36 ± 0.08 | 103.79 ± 0.76 | 206.06 ± 0.23 | 238.91 ± 2.9 |
Nitrate (mg/kg) | 10.26 ± 2.0 | 219.91 ± 45.15 | 285.10 ± 9.10 | 1389.49 ± 47.07 |
Ammonium/nitrate | 0.74 ± 0.19 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 0.67 ± 0.04 | 0.13 ± 0.05 |
Microbial biomass carbon (g/kg) | 105.61 ± 10.6 | 15.63 ± 0.98 | 8.50 ± 0.18 | 6.71 ± 1.08 |
Dehydrogenase activity (mg/g/h) | 28.06 ± 1.34 | 0.49 ± 0.08 | 0.49 ± 0.02 | 0.27 ± 0.01 |
Sample Name | Shannon | Simpson | Chao1 |
---|---|---|---|
15 °C | 6.88 | 0.973 | 1373.25 |
20 °C | 6.98 | 0.972 | 1508.01 |
25 °C | 7.06 | 0.974 | 1651.31 |
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Zhang, H.; Li, J.; Zhang, Y.; Huang, K. Quality of Vermicompost and Microbial Community Diversity Affected by the Contrasting Temperature during Vermicomposting of Dewatered Sludge. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 1748. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051748
Zhang H, Li J, Zhang Y, Huang K. Quality of Vermicompost and Microbial Community Diversity Affected by the Contrasting Temperature during Vermicomposting of Dewatered Sludge. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(5):1748. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051748
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Hongwei, Jianhui Li, Yingying Zhang, and Kui Huang. 2020. "Quality of Vermicompost and Microbial Community Diversity Affected by the Contrasting Temperature during Vermicomposting of Dewatered Sludge" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5: 1748. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051748