Dietary Knowledge among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes—Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Duration of diabetes | n (%) | Family history | n (%) |
<5 years 5–10 years 11–15 years >15 years | 123 (35.1) 194 (55.4) 15 (4.3) 18 (5.1) | Yes No | 142 (40.6) 208 (59.4) |
Mode of diagnosis | n (%) | Smoking | n (%) |
Routine checkup At screening Symptomatic Emergency | 242 (69.1) 44 (12.6) 38 (10.9) 26 (7.4) | Yes No Never-smokers | 141 (40.3) 187 (53.4) 22 (6.3) |
Treating doctor | n (%) | Body Mass Index | n (%) |
General practitioner Physician Endocrinologist | 262 (74.9) 74 (21.1) 14 (4.0) | Underweight Normal weight Overweight Obese | 12 (3.4) 56 (16.0) 167 (47.7) 115 (32.9) |
Item | Stem | n (%) Correct Answers |
---|---|---|
1 | The diabetics’ diet is? | 116 (33.1) |
2 | Which of the following is highest in carbohydrates? | 121 (34.6) |
3 | Which of the following is highest in fat? | 150 (42.9) |
4 | Which of the following is a food which you can eat freely? | 155 (44.3) |
5 | What is the effect of unsweetened fruit juice on blood glucose? | 141 (40.3) |
6 | Which should be used to treat low blood sugar? | 119 (34.0) |
7 | A well-balanced diet includes? | 178 (50.9) |
8 | Which of these foods has amount of sugar in them? | 148 (42.3) |
9 | Which of these foods has highest amount of fat in them? | 127 (36.3) |
10 | HbA1c test has some relationship with your diet? | 133 (38.0) |
11 | Which of the following contains highest amount of proteins? | 145 (41.4) |
12 | Food that contains fats and oils gives us a lot of? | 132 (37.7) |
13 | Eating too much sugary food may cause? | 169 (48.3) |
14 | Which of the following foods contains most cholesterol? | 125 (35.7) |
15 | Breads, cereals, rice, and pasta are high in? | 151 (43.1) |
16 | Whole-grain foods like brown rice and whole wheat bread are better choices than white rice and white bread because whole-grains contains? | 99 (28.3) |
17 | Which of the following foods is a complete source of protein? | 175 (50.0) |
18 | Most of the excess sodium in our diet comes from? | 100 (28.6) |
19 | Which of the following has the highest glycemic index? | 170 (48.6) |
20 | Which of the following contains a vitamin that is needed for good vision? | 153 (43.7) |
21 | Do you think that justified consumption of vitamin, mineral, carbohydrates, fat and protein have direct effect on outcomes of diabetes mellitus? | 134 (38.3) |
No | Stem | n (%) Correct Answers |
---|---|---|
Carbohydrates | ||
1 | Which of the following is highest in carbohydrates? | 121 (34.6) |
2 | What is the effect of unsweetened fruit juice on blood glucose? | 141 (40.3) |
3 | Which of these foods has amount of sugar in them? | 148 (42.3) |
4 | Eating too much sugary food may cause? | 169 (48.3) |
5 | Breads, cereals, rice, and pasta are high in? | 151 (43.1) |
6 | Whole-grain foods like brown rice and whole wheat bread are better choices than white rice and white bread because whole-grains contains? | 99 (28.3) |
Lipids and Fats | ||
1 | Which of the following is highest in fat? | 150 (42.9) |
2 | Which of these foods has highest amount of fat in them? | 127 (36.3) |
3 | Food that contains fats and oils gives us a lot of? | 132 (37.7) |
4 | Which of the following foods contains most cholesterol? | 125 (35.7) |
Proteins | ||
1 | Which of the following contains highest amount of proteins? | 145 (41.4) |
2 | Which of the following foods is a complete source of protein? | 175 (50.0) |
Food Type | ||
1 | A well-balanced diet includes? | 178 (50.9) |
2 | HbA1c test has some relationship with your diet? | 133 (38.0) |
3 | Most of the excess sodium in our diet comes from? | 100 (28.6) |
4 | Which of the following has the highest glycemic index? | 170 (48.6) |
5 | Which of the following contains a vitamin that is needed for good vision? | 153 (43.7) |
6 | Do you think that justified consumption of vitamin, mineral, carbohydrates, fat and protein have direct effect on outcomes of diabetes mellitus? | 134 (38.3) |
Food Choices | ||
1 | The diabetics’ diet is? | 116 (33.1) |
2 | Which of the following is a food which you can eat freely? | 155 (44.3) |
3 | Which should be used to treat low blood sugar? | 119 (34.0) |
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Sami, W.; Alabdulwahhab, K.M.; Ab Hamid, M.R.; Alasbali, T.A.; Alwadani, F.A.; Ahmad, M.S. Dietary Knowledge among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes—Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030858
Sami W, Alabdulwahhab KM, Ab Hamid MR, Alasbali TA, Alwadani FA, Ahmad MS. Dietary Knowledge among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes—Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(3):858. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030858
Chicago/Turabian StyleSami, Waqas, Khalid M Alabdulwahhab, Mohd Rashid Ab Hamid, Tariq A. Alasbali, Fahd Al Alwadani, and Mohammad Shakil Ahmad. 2020. "Dietary Knowledge among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes—Kingdom of Saudi Arabia" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 3: 858. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17030858