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Volume 17
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10.3390/ijerph17165670
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Article

Residential Surrounding Greenspace and Mental Health in Three Spanish Areas

by
Maria Torres Toda
1,2,3,
Asier Anabitarte Riol
4,5,
Marta Cirach
1,2,3,
Marisa Estarlich
3,6,7,
Ana Fernández-Somoano
3,8,9,
Llúcia González-Safont
3,6,
Mònica Guxens
1,2,3,10,
Jordi Julvez
1,3,11,
Isolina Riaño-Galán
3,9,12,
Jordi Sunyer
1,2,3,13 and
Payam Dadvand
1,2,3,*
1
Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
2
Campus del Mar, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
3
Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
4
Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
5
University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Preventative Medicine and Public Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, 48940 Leioa, Spain
6
Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO-Universitat Jaume I-Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
7
Department of Infirmary and Chiropody, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
8
Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA) – Department of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
9
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
10
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus University Medical Centre–Sophia Children’s Hospital, 3015 Rotterdam, The Netherlands
11
Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Hospital Universitari Sant Joan de Reus, 43204 Reus, Spain
12
Servicio de Pediatría. Endocrinología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias (HUCA), 33011 Oviedo, Spain
13
Municipal Institute of Medical Research (IMIM-Hospital del Mar), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
 
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*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(16), 5670; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165670
Received: 15 June 2020 / Revised: 30 July 2020 / Accepted: 3 August 2020 / Published: 5 August 2020
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Abstract

Exposure to greenspace has been related to improved mental health, but the available evidence is limited and findings are heterogeneous across different areas. We aimed to evaluate the associations between residential exposure to greenspace and specific psychopathological and psychosomatic symptoms related to mental health among mothers from a Spanish birth cohort. Our study was based on data from 1171 women participating in two follow-ups of a population-based cohort in Valencia, Sabadell, and Gipuzkoa (2004–2012). For each participant, residential surrounding greenspace was estimated as the average of the satellite-based Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) across different buffers around the residential address at the time of delivery and at the 4-year follow-up. The Symptom Checklist 90 Revised (SCL-90-R) was applied to characterize mental health at the 4-year follow-up. We developed mixed-effects logistic regression models controlled for relevant covariates to evaluate the associations. Higher residential surrounding greenspace was associated with a lower risk of somatization and anxiety symptoms. For General Severity Index (GSI), obsessive–compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, and psychoticism symptoms, we generally observed protective associations, but none attained statistical significance. Findings from this study suggested a potential positive impactof greenspace on mental health. View Full-Text
Keywords: nature; mental illness; psychiatric disorder; psychosomatic symptoms; parks nature; mental illness; psychiatric disorder; psychosomatic symptoms; parks
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MDPI and ACS Style

Torres Toda, M.; Anabitarte Riol, A.; Cirach, M.; Estarlich, M.; Fernández-Somoano, A.; González-Safont, L.; Guxens, M.; Julvez, J.; Riaño-Galán, I.; Sunyer, J.; Dadvand, P. Residential Surrounding Greenspace and Mental Health in Three Spanish Areas. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 5670. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165670

AMA Style

Torres Toda M, Anabitarte Riol A, Cirach M, Estarlich M, Fernández-Somoano A, González-Safont L, Guxens M, Julvez J, Riaño-Galán I, Sunyer J, Dadvand P. Residential Surrounding Greenspace and Mental Health in Three Spanish Areas. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(16):5670. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165670

Chicago/Turabian Style

Torres Toda, Maria, Asier Anabitarte Riol, Marta Cirach, Marisa Estarlich, Ana Fernández-Somoano, Llúcia González-Safont, Mònica Guxens, Jordi Julvez, Isolina Riaño-Galán, Jordi Sunyer, and Payam Dadvand. 2020. "Residential Surrounding Greenspace and Mental Health in Three Spanish Areas" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16: 5670. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165670

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