No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial

Lynch, Heidi M.; Buman, Matthew P.; Dickinson, Jared M.; Ransdell, Lynda B.; Johnston, Carol S.; Wharton, Christopher M.

doi:10.3390/ijerph17113871

Open AccessArticle

No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial

by

Heidi M. Lynch

^1,*

,

Matthew P. Buman

²

,

Jared M. Dickinson

³,

Lynda B. Ransdell

⁴,

Carol S. Johnston

²

and

Christopher M. Wharton

²

¹

Department of Kinesiology, Point Loma Nazarene University, San Diego, CA 92106, USA

²

College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA

³

Health Sciences, Central Washington University, Ellensburg, WA 98926, USA

⁴

College of Health and Human Services, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(11), 3871; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113871

Submission received: 23 April 2020 / Revised: 19 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 May 2020 / Published: 29 May 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Community Nutrition and Physical Exercise)

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Abstract

There are conflicting reports regarding the efficacy of plant versus animal-derived protein to support muscle and strength development with resistance training. The purpose of this study was to determine whether soy and whey protein supplements matched for leucine would comparably support strength increases and muscle growth following 12 weeks of resistance training. Sixty-one untrained young men (n = 19) and women (n = 42) (18–35 year) enrolled in this study, and 48 completed the trial (17 men, 31 women). All participants engaged in supervised resistance training 3×/week and consumed 19 grams of whey protein isolate or 26 grams of soy protein isolate, both containing 2 g (grams) of leucine. Multi-level modeling indicated that total body mass (0.68 kg; 95% CI: 0.08, 1.29 kg; p < 0.001), lean body mass (1.54 kg; 95% CI: 0.94, 2.15 kg; p < 0.001), and peak torque of leg extensors (40.27 Nm; 95% CI: 28.98, 51.57 Nm, p < 0.001) and flexors (20.44 Nm; 95% CI: 12.10, 28.79 Nm; p < 0.001) increased in both groups. Vastus lateralis muscle thickness tended to increase, but this did not reach statistical significance (0.12 cm; 95% CI: −0.01, 0.26 cm; p = 0.08). No differences between groups were observed (p > 0.05). These data indicate that increases in lean mass and strength in untrained participants are comparable when strength training and supplementing with soy or whey matched for leucine.

Keywords: leucine; muscle; skeletal; muscle strength

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lynch, H.M.; Buman, M.P.; Dickinson, J.M.; Ransdell, L.B.; Johnston, C.S.; Wharton, C.M. No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 3871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113871

AMA Style

Lynch HM, Buman MP, Dickinson JM, Ransdell LB, Johnston CS, Wharton CM. No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(11):3871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113871

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lynch, Heidi M., Matthew P. Buman, Jared M. Dickinson, Lynda B. Ransdell, Carol S. Johnston, and Christopher M. Wharton. 2020. "No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11: 3871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113871

APA Style

Lynch, H. M., Buman, M. P., Dickinson, J. M., Ransdell, L. B., Johnston, C. S., & Wharton, C. M. (2020). No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113871

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No Significant Differences in Muscle Growth and Strength Development When Consuming Soy and Whey Protein Supplements Matched for Leucine Following a 12 Week Resistance Training Program in Men and Women: A Randomized Trial

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