Avian Influenza—Factors Affecting Consumers’ Purchase Intentions toward Poultry Products
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Data and Methods
2.1. Survey Questionnaire
2.2. Method and Variable Selection
3. Results and Discussion
4. Conclusions
5. Implications
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dimension | Code | Measurable Variable Dimension |
---|---|---|
Concerning | CON | The degree of concern about avian influenza |
FRE | Frequency of eating chicken products a week of the family | |
PRO | The proportion of chicken products consumption accounted for total consumption of meat products in the whole family | |
Attitude | ATT1 | Purchasing chicken products during the outbreak of avian influenza makes me feel uncomfortable due to the possibility of harming our health |
ATT2 | Will reduce purchasing chicken products during the outbreak of avian influenza | |
Subject Norm | SN1 | Influence on purchasing chicken products from family or friends |
SN2 | Influence on purchasing chicken products from media reports about the public’s behavior | |
SN3 | Influence on purchasing chicken products from government policies | |
Information Perception | IP1 | Influence from information on chicken products regarding their origins |
IP2 | Influence from information on chicken products regarding their nutritional situation | |
IP3 | Influence from information on chicken products regarding their quality | |
Risk Perception | RP1 | Consumption of chicken products will increase the chance of you getting sick in the period of avian influenza |
RP2 | Purchasing chicken products is a risk to a certain extent in the period of avian influenza | |
Optimism | OP1 | Be optimistic about the quality and safety of chicken products in the period of avian influenza |
OP2 | In general, chicken products are safe in the period of avian influenza | |
Pessimism | PE1 | Worry about the safety of chicken products in the period of avian influenza |
PE2 | Suspicious about the safety of chicken products in the period of avian influenza | |
Purchase intention | PI | The degree of purchase intentions toward poultry products |
Variables | Options | Average | Standard Error |
---|---|---|---|
CON | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 4.06 | 0.88 |
FRE | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.00 | 1.66 |
PRO | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 2.11 | 0.97 |
ATT1 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.68 | 1.38 |
ATT2 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 4.07 | 1.24 |
SN1 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.17 | 1.35 |
SN2 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.71 | 1.25 |
SN3 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.49 | 1.38 |
IP1 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.17 | 1.35 |
IP2 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.85 | 1.23 |
IP3 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.87 | 1.25 |
RP1 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.83 | 1.37 |
RP2 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.68 | 1.24 |
OP1 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 2.84 | 1.29 |
OP2 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 2.81 | 1.34 |
PE1 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.59 | 1.23 |
PE2 | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.60 | 1.25 |
PI | 1 = disagree strongly, 2 = disagree, 3 = neither, 4 = agree, 5 = agree strongly | 3.93 | 1.19 |
Code | Estimated Results | Marginal Effects | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
Personal | ||||||
GEN | 0.130 (0.243) | −0.002 (0.003) | −0.003 (0.006) | −0.021 (0.040) | −0.005 (0.010) | 0.031 (0.058) |
EDU | −0.901 (0.137) | 0.001 (0.002) | 0.002 (0.004) | 0.015 (0.023) | 0.003 (0.005) | −0.021 (0.032) |
AGE | 0.152 (0.135) | −0.002 (0.002) | −0.004 (0.004) | −0.025 (0.022) | −0.005 (0.005) | 0.036 (0.032) |
INC | 0.123 (0.110) | −0.001 (0.001) | −0.003 (0.003) | −0.020 (0.018) | −0.004 (0.004) | 0.030 (0.026) |
FAM | 0.000 (0.117) | −0.000 (0.001) | −0.000 (0.003) | −0.000 (0.019) | −0.000 (0.004) | 0.000 (0.028) |
Concerning | ||||||
CON | −0.135 (0.117) | 0.002 (0.002) | 0.004 (0.004) | 0.022 (0.023) | 0.004 (0.005) | −0.032 (0.033) |
FRE | 0.061 (0.090) | −0.001 (0.001) | −0.002 (0.002) | −0.010 (0.015) | −0.002 (0.003) | 0.014 (0.021) |
PER | −0.020 (0.153) | 0.000 (0.002) | 0.001 (0.004) | 0.003 (0.025) | 0.001 (0.005) | −0.005 (0.036) |
Attitude | ||||||
ATT1 | 0.260 * (0.143) | −0.003 (0.002) | −0.007 * (0.004) | −0.043 * (0.024) | −0.009 (0.007) | 0.062 * (0.034) |
ATT2 | 0.683 *** (0.150) | −0.008 ** (0.003) | −0.018 ** (0.006) | −0.113 *** (0.021) | −0.023 * (0.013) | 0.162 *** (0.036) |
Subject Norm | ||||||
SN1 | −0.188 (0.124) | 0.002 (0.002) | 0.005 (0.003) | 0.031 (0.021) | 0.006 (0.005) | −0.044 (0.029) |
SN2 | 0.257 * (0.150) | −0.003 (0.002) | −0.007 (0.004) | −0.042 * (0.025) | −0.009 (0.007) | 0.061 * (0.036) |
SN3 | −0.152 (0.133) | 0.002 (0.002) | 0.004 (0.004) | 0.025 (0.022) | 0.005 (0.005) | −0.036 (0.031) |
Information Perception | ||||||
IP1 | 0.314 ** (0.143) | −0.004 * (0.002) | −0.001 * (0.004) | −0.052 * (0.024) | −0.010 (0.007) | 0.074 ** (0.034) |
IP2 | −0.640 (0.166) | 0.001 (0.002) | 0.002 (0.004) | 0.011 (0.027) | 0.002 (0.006) | −0.015 (0.039) |
IP3 | −0.031 (0.152) | 0.000 (0.002) | 0.001 (0.004) | 0.005 (0.026) | 0.001 (0.005) | −0.007 (0.036) |
Risk Perception | ||||||
RP1 | 0.059 (0.114) | −0.001 (0.002) | −0.002 (0.003) | −0.009 (0.018) | −0.002 (0.004) | 0.014 (0.027) |
RP2 | 0.360 * (0.141) | −0.005 * (0.003) | −0.010 ** (0.005) | −0.058 ** (0.023) | −0.012 (0.008) | 0.086 ** (0.034) |
Optimism | ||||||
OP1 | −0.124 (0.129) | 0.001 (0.002) | 0.003 (0.003) | 0.020 (0.021) | 0.004 (0.005) | −0.029 (0.031) |
OP2 | 0.019 (0.140) | −0.000 (0.002) | −0.000 (0.004) | −0.003 (0.023) | −0.001 (0.005) | 0.004 (0.033) |
Pessimism | ||||||
PE1 | 0.030 * (0.171) | −0.004 (0.002) | −0.008 (0.005) | −0.049 * (0.024) | −0.010 (0.008) | 0.070 * (0.040) |
PE2 | −0.631 *** (0.186) | −0.008 (0.003) | −0.017 ** (0.006) | −0.104 *** (0.032) | −0.021 (0.013) | 0.149 *** (0.044) |
Cut-point 1 | 1.111 | |||||
Cut-point 2 | 2.213 | |||||
Cut-point 3 | 4.290 | |||||
Cut-point 4 | 5.598 | |||||
0.0000 | ||||||
0.2386 |
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Wen, X.; Sun, S.; Li, L.; He, Q.; Tsai, F.-S. Avian Influenza—Factors Affecting Consumers’ Purchase Intentions toward Poultry Products. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 4139. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214139
Wen X, Sun S, Li L, He Q, Tsai F-S. Avian Influenza—Factors Affecting Consumers’ Purchase Intentions toward Poultry Products. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(21):4139. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214139
Chicago/Turabian StyleWen, Xiaowei, Sangluo Sun, Lin Li, Qinying He, and Fu-Sheng Tsai. 2019. "Avian Influenza—Factors Affecting Consumers’ Purchase Intentions toward Poultry Products" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21: 4139. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214139
APA StyleWen, X., Sun, S., Li, L., He, Q., & Tsai, F.-S. (2019). Avian Influenza—Factors Affecting Consumers’ Purchase Intentions toward Poultry Products. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(21), 4139. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16214139