How Do Coworkers Aid in Coping with Emotional Exhaustion? An Experience Sampling Method Approach
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Hypothesis Development
2.1. Coworker Helping Behavior and Psychological Availability
2.2. Psychological Availability and Emotional Exhaustion
2.3. The Moderating Role of Perceived Task Demands
3. Methods
3.1. Sample and Procedure
3.2. Approval of the Research Protocol
3.3. Measures
4. Results
4.1. Multilevel Confirmatory Analysis and Descriptive Statistics
4.2. Regression Analysis
5. Discussion
5.1. Theoretical and Practical Implications
5.2. Limitations and Future Research
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Models | Variables | χ2 | df | △χ2 | RMSEA | RMR | CFI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Four-Factor | CH, PSYA, EE, PT | 45.30 | 24 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.99 | |
Alternative Model | |||||||
Three-Factor | CH+PSYA, EE, PT | 393.33 | 26 | 348.03 ** | 0.20 | 0.13 | 0.82 |
Three-Factor | CH+EE, PSYA, PT | 359.21 | 26 | 313.91 ** | 0.19 | 0.11 | 0.84 |
Three-Factor | CH, EE+PSYA, PT | 291.12 | 26 | 245.82 ** | 0.17 | 0.08 | 0.87 |
Between-Person (n = 69) | Mean | SD | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
1. Gender | - | - | - | |||
2. Education | - | - | 0.08 | - | ||
3. Age | 29.06 | 4.72 | 0.00 | −0.23 * | - | |
4. Perceived Task Demands | 3.05 | 0.78 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 | (0.88) |
Within-Person (n = 345) | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
1. Coworker Helping Behavior | 3.18 | 0.96 | (0.84) | |||
2. Psychological Availability | 3.82 | 0.78 | 0.39 ** | (0.91) | ||
3. Emotional Exhaustion | 2.64 | 0.91 | −0.39 ** | −0.63 ** | (0.87) |
Variable | Psychological Availability | Emotional Exhaustion | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
γ | SE | γ | SE | γ | SE | γ | SE | |
Intercept | 3.90 | 0.35 | 3.95 | 0.37 | 2.90 | 0.53 | 2.71 | 0.43 |
Between-Person (n = 69) | ||||||||
Gender | −0.15 | 0.14 | −0.17 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.17 | 0.23 | 0.17 |
Education | 0.07 | 0.13 | 0.06 | 0.15 | −0.25 | 0.20 | −0.20 | 0.16 |
Age | −0.02 | 0.01 | −0.02 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.01 |
PT | 0.27 | 0.17 | −0.40 ** | 0.11 | ||||
Within-Person (n = 345) | ||||||||
CH | 0.20 ** | 0.07 | 0.20 ** | 0.07 | −0.17 * | 0.08 | −0.12 | 0.08 |
PSYA | −0.16 ** | 0.06 | ||||||
Interaction | ||||||||
CH × PSYA | −0.26 * | 0.12 | −0.01 | 0.12 | ||||
Pseudo R2 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.03 | 0.17 | ||||
−2LL | 631.29 | 626.34 | 705.81 | 693.01 |
Moderating Effect | Effect | SE | 95%LLCI | 95%ULCI |
Low Perceived Task Demands | 0.40 | 0.11 | 0.18 | 0.62 |
High Perceived Task Demands | 0.00 | 0.11 | −0.22 | 0.22 |
Moderated Mediation Model | Indirect Effect | SE | 95%LLCI | 95%ULCI |
Low Perceived Task Demands | −0.06 | 0.03 | −0.13 | −0.01 |
High Perceived Task Demands | 0.00 | 0.01 | −0.04 | 0.04 |
Difference | 0.06 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.15 |
Path | Effect | SE | 95%LLCI | 95%ULCI |
Coworker Helping Behavior | −0.13 | 0.10 | −0.31 | 0.05 |
Coworker Helping Behavior →Psychological Availability →Emotional Exhaustion | −0.03 | 0.02 | −0.08 | −0.01 |
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Xiu, J.; Zhang, Z.; Li, Z.; Zheng, J. How Do Coworkers Aid in Coping with Emotional Exhaustion? An Experience Sampling Method Approach. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16, 2919. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162919
Xiu J, Zhang Z, Li Z, Zheng J. How Do Coworkers Aid in Coping with Emotional Exhaustion? An Experience Sampling Method Approach. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16(16):2919. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162919
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiu, Jing, Zhenduo Zhang, Zhigang Li, and Junwei Zheng. 2019. "How Do Coworkers Aid in Coping with Emotional Exhaustion? An Experience Sampling Method Approach" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 16: 2919. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162919