A Novel Pb-Resistant Bacillus subtilis Bacterium Isolate for Co-Biosorption of Hazardous Sb(III) and Pb(II): Thermodynamics and Application Strategy
by
Yue Cai 1,2, Xiaoping Li 1,2,*
, Dongying Liu 1,2, Changlin Xu 1,2, Yuwei Ai 1,2, Xuemeng Sun 1,2, Meng Zhang 1,2, Yu Gao 1,2, Yuchao Zhang 1,2, Tao Yang 1,2, Jingzhi Wang 1,2, Lijun Wang 1,2, Xiaoyun Li 1,2 and Hongtao Yu 2,3
Yue Cai 1,2, Xiaoping Li 1,2,*, Dongying Liu 1,2, Changlin Xu 1,2, Yuwei Ai 1,2, Xuemeng Sun 1,2, Meng Zhang 1,2, Yu Gao 1,2, Yuchao Zhang 1,2, Tao Yang 1,2, Jingzhi Wang 1,2, Lijun Wang 1,2, Xiaoyun Li 1,2 and Hongtao Yu 2,3
1
Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710062, China
2
International Joint Research Centre of Shaanxi Province for Pollutant Exposure and Eco-Environmental Health, Xi’an 710062, China
3
School of Computer, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15(4), 702; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040702
Received: 13 January 2018 / Revised: 3 April 2018 / Accepted: 5 April 2018 / Published: 9 April 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proceedings of 2nd International Symposium on Environment Science and Health)
The present work is the first to study co-biosorption of Pb(II) and Sb(III) by a novel bacterium and its application strategy. The biosorption characteristics of Pb(II) and Sb(III) ions from aqueous solution using B. subtilis were investigated. Optimum pH, biomass dosage, contact time and temperature were determined to be 5.00, 6.00 mg/L, 45 min and 35 °C, respectively. Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) models were applied to describe the biosorption isotherm of the metal ions by B. subtilis. Results showed that Langmuir model fitted the equilibrium data of Pb(II) better than others, while biosorption of Sb(III) obeyed the Freundlich model well. The biosorption capacity of B. subtilis biomass for Pb(II) and Sb(III) ions was found to be 17.34 ± 0.14 and 2.32 ± 0.30 mg/g, respectively. Kinetic data showed the biosorption process of Pb(II) and Sb(III) ions both followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, with R2 ranging from 0.974 to 0.999 for Pb(II) and from 0.967 to 0.979 for Sb(III). The calculated thermodynamic parameters, negative ∆G and positive ∆H and ∆S values, indicated the biosorption of Pb(II) and Sb(III) ions onto B. subtilis biomass in water was feasible, endothermic, and spontaneous. Bacterial bioleaching experiment revealed B. subtilis can increase the mobility of Pb(II) and Sb(III) in polluted soil when pH was close to 6 at low temperature. Consequently, B. subtilis, as a cheap and original bacterial material, could be a promising biomass to remove Pb or isolate Sb from industrial wastewater and to assist phytoremediation of Pb and Sb from weak acid or near neutral pH polluted soils at low temperature.
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Keywords:
Bacillus subtilis; biosorption kinetics; Pb(II) and Sb(III), phytoremediation; thermodynamics
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MDPI and ACS Style
Cai, Y.; Li, X.; Liu, D.; Xu, C.; Ai, Y.; Sun, X.; Zhang, M.; Gao, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Yang, T.; Wang, J.; Wang, L.; Li, X.; Yu, H. A Novel Pb-Resistant Bacillus subtilis Bacterium Isolate for Co-Biosorption of Hazardous Sb(III) and Pb(II): Thermodynamics and Application Strategy. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 702.
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