Patterns Associated with Adult Mandibular Fractures in Southern Taiwan—A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study
Abstract
:1. Background
2. Methods
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Patients N = 312 |
---|---|
Gender (%) | |
Male | 207(66.3) |
Female | 105(33.7) |
Age | 36.5 ± 15.2 |
Cause (%) | |
Motorcycle accident | 238(76.3) |
Fall | 34(10.9) |
Motor vehicle accident (MVA) | 15(4.8) |
Struck by/against objects | 14(4.5) |
Bicycle accident | 7(2.2) |
Pedestrian | 4(1.3) |
GCS | 13.5 ± 3.1 |
≤8 (%) | 35(11.2) |
9–12 (%) | 23(7.4) |
≥13 (%) | 254(81.4) |
Associated head injury (%) | |
Cranial fracture | 36(11.5) |
Epidural hematoma (EDH) | 18(5.8) |
Subdural hematoma (SDH) | 32(10.3) |
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) | 34(10.9) |
Intracerebral hematoma (ICH) | 8(2.6) |
Cerebral contusion | 14(4.5) |
Cervical vertebral fracture | 4(1.3) |
Site of mandibular fracture (%) | n = 503 |
Symphysis | 98(19.5) |
Parasymphysis | 109(21.7) |
Body | 47(9.3) |
Angle and Ramus | 88(17.5) |
Condylar neck and Head | 161(32.0) |
Variables | Fall n = 56 (II) | MVA n = 27 (III) | Struck by/against n = 18 (IV) | Bicycle n = 9 (V) | Pedestrian n = 5 (VI) | |||||
Symphysis | 13(23.2) | 4(14.8) | 4(22.2) | 0(0.0) | 1(20.0) | |||||
Parasymphysis | 11(19.6) | 5(18.5) | 3(16.7) | 3(33.3) | 0(0.0) | |||||
Body | 6(10.7) | 6(22.2) | 2(11.1) | 1(11.1) | 1(20.0) | |||||
Angle and Ramus | 4(7.1) | 6(22.2) | 8(44.4) | 3(33.3) | 1(20.0) | |||||
Condylar neck and Head | 22(39.3) | 6(22.2) | 1(5.6) | 2(22.2) | 2(40.0) | |||||
Variables | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p |
II vs. I | III vs. I | IV vs. I | V vs. I | VI vs. I | ||||||
Symphysis | 1.2(0.64–2.42) | 0.527 | 0.7(0.24–2.13) | 0.545 | 1.2(0.38–3.66) | 0.784 | - | 0.999 | 1.0(0.11–9.34) | 0.982 |
Parasymphysis | 0.8(0.421.71) | 0.639 | 0.8(0.29–2.14) | 0.637 | 0.7(0.20–2.45) | 0.567 | 1.7(0.42–7.06) | 0.445 | - | 0.999 |
Body | 1.4(0.55–3.48) | 0.492 | 3.3(1.24–8.76) | 0.017 | 1.4(0.32–6.55) | 0.637 | 1.4(0.17–11.89) | 0.735 | 2.9(0.31–26.56) | 0.351 |
Angle and Ramus | 0.4(0.13–1.07) | 0.068 | 1.4(0.54–3.59) | 0.491 | 3.9(1.48–10.26) | 0.006 | 2.4(0.60–10.00) | 0.215 | 1.2(0.13–11.09) | 0.860 |
Variables | Symphysis n = 76 | Parasymphysis n = 87 | Body n = 31 | Angle and Ramus n = 66 | Condyle and Head n = 128 | |||||
Age | 32.2 ± 10.9 | 32.2 ± 12.2 | 39.0 ± 16.4 | 35.5 ± 17.1 | 33.6 ± 13.4 | |||||
Gender (M/F) | 29/47 | 30/57 | 7/24 | 24/42 | 60/68 | |||||
BMI classification | ||||||||||
Obese | 4(5.3) | 8(9.2) | 0(0.0) | 3(4.5) | 5(3.9) | |||||
Overweight | 16(21.1) | 19(21.8) | 9(29.0) | 14(21.2) | 22(17.2) | |||||
Underweight | 7(9.2) | 5(5.7) | 2(6.5) | 3(4.5) | 11(8.6) | |||||
Normal | 45(59.2) | 53(60.9) | 20(64.5) | 43(65.2) | 83(64.8) | |||||
Unknown | 4(5.3) | 2(2.3) | 0(0.0) | 3(4.5) | 7(5.5) | |||||
Helmet use | ||||||||||
Yes | 58(76.3) | 71(81.6) | 29(93.5) | 50(75.8) | 112(87.5) | |||||
No | 13(17.1) | 14(16.1) | 2(6.5) | 13(19.7) | 14(10.9) | |||||
Unknown | 5(6.6) | 2(2.3) | 0(0.0) | 3(4.5) | 2(1.6) | |||||
Variables | Symphysis | Parasymphysis | Body | Angle and Ramus | Condyle and Head | |||||
OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | ||
BMI classification | BMI classification | |||||||||
Obese | 1.2(0.38–3.91) | 0.739 | 1.9(0.72–5.21) | 0.192 | - | Obese | 1.2(0.38–3.91) | 0.739 | 1.9(0.72–5.21) | 0.192 |
Overweight | 1.3(0.65–2.51) | 0.486 | 1.2(0.66–2.31) | 0.502 | 1.0(0.41–2.35) | Overweight | 1.3(0.65–2.51) | 0.486 | 1.2(0.66–2.31) | 0.502 |
Underweight | 1.5(0.56–4.05) | 0.418 | 1.0(0.34–2.70) | 0.933 | 1.3(0.28–6.38) | Underweight | 1.5(0.56–4.05) | 0.418 | 1.0(0.34–2.70) | 0.933 |
Helmet use | Helmet use | |||||||||
Yes | 0.6(0.29–1.22) | 0.158 | 0.9(0.45–1.84) | 0.803 | 3.9(0.87–17.26) | Yes | 0.6(0.29–1.22) | 0.158 | 0.9(0.45–1.84) | 0.803 |
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Lin, K.-C.; Peng, S.-H.; Kuo, P.-J.; Chen, Y.-C.; Rau, C.-S.; Hsieh, C.-H. Patterns Associated with Adult Mandibular Fractures in Southern Taiwan—A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 821. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070821
Lin K-C, Peng S-H, Kuo P-J, Chen Y-C, Rau C-S, Hsieh C-H. Patterns Associated with Adult Mandibular Fractures in Southern Taiwan—A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14(7):821. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070821
Chicago/Turabian StyleLin, Ko-Chien, Shu-Hui Peng, Pao-Jen Kuo, Yi-Chun Chen, Cheng-Shyuan Rau, and Ching-Hua Hsieh. 2017. "Patterns Associated with Adult Mandibular Fractures in Southern Taiwan—A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 7: 821. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14070821