The Associations among Psychological Distress, Coping Style, and Health Habits in Japanese Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Participants and Data Collection
2.3. Content of the Questionnaires
2.3.1. The 12-Item General Health Questionnaire
2.3.2. Brief Coping Orientation Questionnaire
2.3.3. Health Habits
2.4. Ethical Considerations
2.5. Data Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Descriptive Analysis
3.2. Correlations Between Variables
3.3. Associations between Health Habits, Coping Styles, and Psychological Distress
3.4. Associations among Health Habits, Coping Styles, and Psychological Distress
4. Discussion
Limitations of Research
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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GHQ-12 | Exe | Sle | Dis | Act | Den | Sub | Emo | Ins | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GHQ-12 | ※ | −0.26 *** | −0.19 ** | 0.09 | −0.19 ** | 0.06 | 0.07 | −0.08 | −0.01 |
Exe | ※ | 0.28 ** | −0.12 | 0.10 | −0.03 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.12 | |
Sle | ※ | −0.13 | −0.01 | −0.06 | −0.13 | 0.06 | −0.05 | ||
Dis | ※ | 0.22 ** | 0.15 * | 0.10 | 0.22 ** | 0.21 ** | |||
Act | ※ | −0.03 | 0.13 | 0.32 *** | 0.41 *** | ||||
Den | ※ | 0.36 *** | 0.09 | 0.02 | |||||
Sub | ※ | 0.16 * | 0.07 | ||||||
Emo | ※ | 0.72 ** | |||||||
Ins | ※ | ||||||||
Dise | |||||||||
Ven | |||||||||
Ref | |||||||||
Pla | |||||||||
Hum | |||||||||
Acc | |||||||||
Rel | |||||||||
Bla |
Dise | Ven | Ref | Pla | Hum | Acc | Rel | Bla | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GHQ | 0.25 ** | 0.16 * | −0.29 ** | −0.12 | −0.16 | −0.03 | −0.02 | 0.36 *** |
Exe | −0.12 | 0.01 | 0.18* | 0.03 | 0.15 * | −0.03 | 0.03 | −0.15 * |
Sle | −0.04 | 0.05 | −0.08 | 0.11 | −0.02 | −0.02 | 0.09 | −0.06 |
Dis | 0.26 ** | 0.24 ** | 0.14 | −0.01 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.09 | 0.17 * |
Act | −0.26 *** | 0.13 | 0.39 *** | 0.53 *** | 0.24 ** | 0.42 *** | 0.15 * | −0.52 |
Den | 0.39 *** | 0.07 | 0.06 | −0.05 | 0.11 | −0.31 *** | 0.30 *** | 0.18 * |
Sub | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.15 * | 0.01 | 0.23 ** | 0.04 |
Emo | −0.06 | 0.32 *** | 0.28 *** | 0.12 | 0.16 * | 0.07 | 0.21 ** | 0.08 |
Ins | −0.13 | 0.33 *** | 0.25 ** | 0.29 *** | 0.06 | 0.28 *** | 0.16 * | 0.13 |
Dise | ※ | 0.08 | −0.14 | −0.31 *** | 0.08 | −0.36 *** | −0.08 | 0.21 ** |
Ven | ※ | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.03 | 0.23 ** | 0.17 * | |
Ref | ※ | 0.36 *** | 0.34 *** | 0.19 * | 0.21 ** | −0.05 | ||
Pla | ※ | 0.09 | 0.49 *** | 0.09 | 0.03 | |||
Hum | ※ | 0.07 | 0.19 * | −0.12 | ||||
Acc | ※ | −0.06 | 0.07 | |||||
Rel | ※ | 0.18 * | ||||||
Bla | ※ |
GHQ-12 | Exercise | Sleep | Active coping | Avoidance coping | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
GHQ-12 | ※ | −0.26 *** | −0.19 ** | −0.28 *** | 0.39 *** |
Exercise | ※ | 0.28 *** | 0.20 ** | −0.13 | |
Sleep | ※ | 0.17 * | −0.05 | ||
Active coping | ※ | −0.05 | |||
Avoidance coping | ※ |
Variables | Effects | Significance Factors | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Exercise | Sleep | Active Coping | Avoidance Coping | ||
Psychological | Direct | −0.13 | −0.15 | −0.25 | 0.36 |
distress | Indirect | 0.00 | 0.00 | −0.02 | 0.02 |
Total | −0.13 | −0.15 | −0.27 | 0.38 |
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Tada, A. The Associations among Psychological Distress, Coping Style, and Health Habits in Japanese Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2017, 14, 1434. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111434
Tada A. The Associations among Psychological Distress, Coping Style, and Health Habits in Japanese Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2017; 14(11):1434. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111434
Chicago/Turabian StyleTada, Akio. 2017. "The Associations among Psychological Distress, Coping Style, and Health Habits in Japanese Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14, no. 11: 1434. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14111434