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Review

Marine-Derived Biologically Active Compounds for the Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

1
School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
2
Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
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Department of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora-MG 36036-900, Brazil
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Department of Medicine, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares-MG 35010-180, Brazil
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Graduate Program in Process Engineering, Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, Aracaju-Sergipe 49032-490, Brazil
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Institute of Technology and Research (ITP), Tiradentes University (UNIT), Av. Murilo Dantas, 300, Farolândia, Aracaju-Sergipe 49032-490, Brazil
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Division of Physiology and Biophysics, Department of Basic Life Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Governador Valadares-MG 35010-180, Brazil
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School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(1), 10; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19010010
Received: 19 November 2020 / Revised: 5 December 2020 / Accepted: 10 December 2020 / Published: 29 December 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Marine Biotechnology 2.0)
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease with a prevalence rate of up to 1% and is significantly considered a common worldwide public health concern. Commercially, several traditional formulations are available to treat RA to some extent. However, these synthetic compounds exert toxicity and considerable side effects even at lower therapeutic concentrations. Considering the above-mentioned critiques, research is underway around the world in finding and exploiting potential alternatives. For instance, marine-derived biologically active compounds have gained much interest and are thus being extensively utilized to confront the confines of in practice counterparts, which have become ineffective for 21st-century medical settings. The utilization of naturally available bioactive compounds and their derivatives can minimize these synthetic compounds’ problems to treat RA. Several marine-derived compounds exhibit anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and can be effectively used for therapeutic purposes against RA. The results of several studies ensured that the extraction of biologically active compounds from marine sources could provide a new and safe source for drug development against RA. Finally, current challenges, gaps, and future perspectives have been included in this review. View Full-Text
Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis; marine-derived compounds; anti-inflammatory; drug development; biomedical applications rheumatoid arthritis; marine-derived compounds; anti-inflammatory; drug development; biomedical applications
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MDPI and ACS Style

Bilal, M.; Qindeel, M.; Nunes, L.V.; Duarte, M.T.S.; Ferreira, L.F.R.; Soriano, R.N.; Iqbal, H.M.N. Marine-Derived Biologically Active Compounds for the Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Mar. Drugs 2021, 19, 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19010010

AMA Style

Bilal M, Qindeel M, Nunes LV, Duarte MTS, Ferreira LFR, Soriano RN, Iqbal HMN. Marine-Derived Biologically Active Compounds for the Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Marine Drugs. 2021; 19(1):10. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19010010

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bilal, Muhammad, Maimoona Qindeel, Leonardo V. Nunes, Marco T.S. Duarte, Luiz F.R. Ferreira, Renato N. Soriano, and Hafiz M.N. Iqbal. 2021. "Marine-Derived Biologically Active Compounds for the Potential Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis" Marine Drugs 19, no. 1: 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/md19010010

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