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Volume 61
Issue 9
10.3390/medicina61091571
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This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Article

Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Pregnancy Outcomes in IVF Patients with Low Ovarian Reserve: A Predictive Model

by
Meng-Hsing Wu
1,
Shu-Chiu Wang
2,
Pei-Fang Su
3,
Liang-Miin Tsai
4,
Po-Ming Chen
5,6,
Chia-Jung Li
7,
Hsing-Ju Wu
5 and
Chiung-Hung Chang
2,8,*
1
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
2
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan
3
Department of Statistics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
4
Department of Internal Medicine, Tainan Municipal Hospital, Tainan 701, Taiwan
5
Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
6
Department of Nursing, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406, Taiwan
7
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
8
School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 840, Taiwan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Medicina 2025, 61(9), 1571; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61091571
Submission received: 16 July 2025 / Revised: 3 August 2025 / Accepted: 25 August 2025 / Published: 31 August 2025
(This article belongs to the Section Obstetrics and Gynecology)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Live birth rates in women with diminished ovarian reserve (AMH < 2.0 ng/mL) undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) remain under 20%. While Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is often used to treat infertility and support IVF, its effectiveness in this group is unclear. This study assessed live birth outcomes by treatment type and patient characteristics. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 240 infertile women with low ovarian reserve and partners with normal sperm. Of these, 63 were in the control group, 118 received CHM only, and 59 received IVF with CHM. Logistic regression and a nomogram were used to assess live birth outcomes. Results: The live birth rate was 5% in the control group, 32% in the CHM-only group, and 42% in the mixed treatment group. Univariate analysis showed that both treatment type and patient age were significantly associated with live birth outcomes. In multivariate logistic regression, CHM-only treatment was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of live birth (odds ratio [OR]: 8.98, p = 0.001), as was the mixed treatment group (OR = 18.77, p < 0.001), with the control group as the reference. Women aged ≤37 had significantly higher live birth rates (OR = 3.24, p = 0.018), using those over 37 as the reference group. A predictive model was developed based on age, AMH level, and treatment type, achieving an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.756 for predicting live birth probability. Conclusions: This clinical prediction model offers guidance for couples and clinicians on pregnancy outcomes in low ovarian reserve patients treated with CHM alone or alongside IVF.
Keywords: low ovarian reserve; in vitro fertilization; Chinese herbal medicine; prediction model; live birth rate low ovarian reserve; in vitro fertilization; Chinese herbal medicine; prediction model; live birth rate

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Wu, M.-H.; Wang, S.-C.; Su, P.-F.; Tsai, L.-M.; Chen, P.-M.; Li, C.-J.; Wu, H.-J.; Chang, C.-H. Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Pregnancy Outcomes in IVF Patients with Low Ovarian Reserve: A Predictive Model. Medicina 2025, 61, 1571. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61091571

AMA Style

Wu M-H, Wang S-C, Su P-F, Tsai L-M, Chen P-M, Li C-J, Wu H-J, Chang C-H. Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Pregnancy Outcomes in IVF Patients with Low Ovarian Reserve: A Predictive Model. Medicina. 2025; 61(9):1571. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61091571

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wu, Meng-Hsing, Shu-Chiu Wang, Pei-Fang Su, Liang-Miin Tsai, Po-Ming Chen, Chia-Jung Li, Hsing-Ju Wu, and Chiung-Hung Chang. 2025. "Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Pregnancy Outcomes in IVF Patients with Low Ovarian Reserve: A Predictive Model" Medicina 61, no. 9: 1571. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61091571

APA Style

Wu, M.-H., Wang, S.-C., Su, P.-F., Tsai, L.-M., Chen, P.-M., Li, C.-J., Wu, H.-J., & Chang, C.-H. (2025). Effect of Chinese Herbal Medicine on Pregnancy Outcomes in IVF Patients with Low Ovarian Reserve: A Predictive Model. Medicina, 61(9), 1571. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61091571

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