Impacts of an Oral Appliance on Snoring in Adults with Varying Degrees of Snoring Severity: A Preliminary Study
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design
2.2. Study Population
2.3. Interventions
2.4. Outcome Measures
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A
L Group | Model | Intercept | Coefficient |
---|---|---|---|
Squared LOA length | Pooled | −1.312 (<0.001) | −0.128 (0.002) |
Random effect | −1.282 (<0.001) | −0.142 (<0.001) | |
Male | Pooled | −2.371 (<0.001) | 0.981 (<0.001) |
Random effect | −1.364 (<0.001) | −0.003 (0.007) |
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Variables | All | H Group | L Group | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Participants | 36 | 12 | 24 | |
Number of records | 4052 | 1201 | 2851 | |
Female/male | 6/30 | 4/8 | 2/22 | 0.155 |
Age, years | 44.91 ± 9.96 | 42.83 ± 10.96 | 46.15 ± 9.38 | 0.393 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.18 ± 3.50 | 26.01 ± 3.38 | 26.27 ± 3.65 | 0.859 |
Recording time, min | 398.27 ± 77.56 | 391.77 ± 68.96 | 401.01 ± 80.77 | <0.001 |
Snoring rate, % [n *] | ||||
LOA-0 | 29.48 ± 22.43 [532] | 56.53 ± 15.71 [144] | 19.44 ± 15.02 [388] | <0.001 |
LOA-0.5 cm | 31.76 ± 21.41 [430] | 54.97 ± 18.37 [117] | 23.08 ± 15.07 [313] | <0.001 |
LOA-1 cm | 25.87 ± 18.07 [1227] | 33.21 ± 18.67 [574] | 19.41 ± 14.79 [653] | <0.001 |
LOA-2 cm | 15.22 ± 12.73 [1499] | 21.75 ± 13.20 [356] | 13.19 ± 11.88 [1143] | <0.001 |
LOA-3 cm | 9.03 ± 8.82 [364] | 5.38 ± 5.92 [10] | 9.13 ± 8.87 [354] | 0.080 |
Version (cm) | All | H Group | L Group | p-Value a |
---|---|---|---|---|
0 to 0.5 | −0.83 (0.314 b) | −6.27 (0.032 b) | 2.16 (0.235 c) | 0.0274 |
0.5 to 1 | −7.20 (<0.001 b) | −13.62 (<0.001 b) | −4.15 (0.036 b) | 0.0182 |
1 to 2 | −6.06 (<0.001 b) | −9.69 (0.024 b) | −4.47 (0.010 b) | 0.2520 |
2 to 3 | −13.70 | −19.65 | −10.72 | - |
Group | Model | LOA Length | Squared LOA Length | Male vs. Female | Intercept | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H group | <0.001 | |||||
Pooled | −1.009 (<0.001) | 0.536 (<0.001) | ||||
Random effect | −0.916 (<0.001) | 0.483 (0.006) | ||||
L group (Model 1) | <0.001 | |||||
Pooled | −0.129 (<0.001) | 0.983 (<0.001) | −2.202 (<0.001) | |||
Random effect | −0.141 (<0.001) | 0.986 (0.004) | −2.186 (<0.001) | |||
L group (Model 2) | <0.001 | |||||
Pooled | −0.128 (0.002) | - | −1.312 (<0.001) | |||
Random effect | −0.142 (<0.001) | - | −1.282 (<0.001) |
LOA-0 | LOA-0.5 | LOA-1 | LOA-2 | LOA-3 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
H group | 61.9 | 50.6 | 39.3 | 20.6 | 9.4 |
L group (model 2) | 21.7 | 21.1 | 19.4 | 13.6 | 7.2 |
L group (model 1, male) | 23.2 | 22.5 | 20.7 | 14.7 | 7.8 |
L group (model 1, female) | 10.1 | 9.8 | 8.9 | 6.0 | 3.1 |
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Cheng, Y.-H.; Chiang, J.-K.; Lin, Y.-C.; Kao, H.-H.; Kao, Y.-H. Impacts of an Oral Appliance on Snoring in Adults with Varying Degrees of Snoring Severity: A Preliminary Study. Medicina 2025, 61, 893. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61050893
Cheng Y-H, Chiang J-K, Lin Y-C, Kao H-H, Kao Y-H. Impacts of an Oral Appliance on Snoring in Adults with Varying Degrees of Snoring Severity: A Preliminary Study. Medicina. 2025; 61(5):893. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61050893
Chicago/Turabian StyleCheng, Yu-Hsiang, Jui-Kun Chiang, Yen-Chang Lin, Hsueh-Hsin Kao, and Yee-Hsin Kao. 2025. "Impacts of an Oral Appliance on Snoring in Adults with Varying Degrees of Snoring Severity: A Preliminary Study" Medicina 61, no. 5: 893. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61050893
APA StyleCheng, Y.-H., Chiang, J.-K., Lin, Y.-C., Kao, H.-H., & Kao, Y.-H. (2025). Impacts of an Oral Appliance on Snoring in Adults with Varying Degrees of Snoring Severity: A Preliminary Study. Medicina, 61(5), 893. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina61050893