Prevalence and Characteristics of Fibromyalgia in Patients with Foot and Ankle Pain: The Experience of an Academic Podiatry Clinic
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Design and Population
2.2. Podiatric Assessment
2.3. Fibromyalgia Survey
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.5. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Included Population and the Prevalence of Fibromyalgia
3.2. Differences between Patients with or without Fibromyalgia
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristics | Patients (n = 151) |
---|---|
Women, n (%) | 101 (66.9) |
Age, mean (SD) | 66.3 (16.5) |
BMI, mean (SD) | 25.8 (4.8) |
Current smoking, n (%) | 14 (9.3) |
Previous (>1 year) foot or ankle surgery, n (%) | 15 (9.9) |
Use of foot orthoses, n (%) | 11 (7.3) |
Foot pain lasting > 3 months, n (%) | 76 (50.3) |
Use of paracetamol or NSAIDs, n (%) | 40 (26.5) |
FSDC ≥ 13, n (%) | 21 (13.9) |
Chief complaint | |
Callus, n (%) | 81 (53.6) |
Ingrown nail, n (%) | 43 (28.5) |
Other, n (%) | 27 (17.9) |
Main involved area | |
Toes, n (%) | 46 (30.5) |
Nails, n (%) | 41 (27.2) |
Forefoot, n (%) | 39 (25.8) |
Other, n (%) | 25 (16.5) |
Comorbidities | |
Diabetes, n (%) | 29 (19.2) |
Hypertension, n (%) | 13 (8.6) |
Peripheral neuropathy, n (%) | 8 (5.3) |
History of stroke, n (%) | 2 (1.3) |
History of cancer, n (%) | 8 (5.3) |
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 2 (1.3) |
Osteoporosis, n (%) | 22 (14.6) |
Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 9 (6) |
FFI | |
FFI total score, mean (SD) | 54.6 (20.9) |
FFI pain score, mean (SD) | 60.3 (21.8) |
FFI disability score, mean (SD) | 59.1 (26.3) |
FFI activity limitation score, mean (SD) | 31.3 (22.4) |
Patients with FM (n = 21) | Patients without FM (n = 130) | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|
Women, n (%) | 16 (76.2) | 85 (65.4) | 0.455 |
Age, years, mean (SD) | 68.8 (11.8) | 65.8 (17.1) | 0.445 |
BMI, kg/m2, mean (SD) | 25.8 (5.8) | 25.8 (4.6) | 0.882 |
Current smoking, n (%) | 0 | 14 (10.8) | 0.220 |
Previous (>1 year) foot or ankle surgery, n (%) | 4 (19) | 11 (8.5) | 0.134 |
Use of foot orthoses, n (%) | 3 (14.3) | 8 (6.2) | 0.183 |
Foot pain lasting > 3 months, n (%) | 20 (95.2) | 56 (43.1) | <0.001 |
Use of paracetamol or NSAIDs, n (%) | 11 (52.4) | 29 (22.3) | 0.007 |
Chief complaint | |||
Callus, n (%) | 14 (66.7) | 67 (51.5) | 0.242 |
Ingrown nail, n (%) | 3 (14.3) | 40 (30.8) | 0.191 |
Other, n (%) | 4 (19.0) | 23 (17.7) | 1 |
Involved area | |||
Toes, n (%) | 6 (28.6) | 40 (30.8) | 1 |
Nails, n (%) | 3 (14.3) | 38 (29.2) | 0.192 |
Forefoot, n (%) | 8 (38.1) | 31 (23.8) | 0.184 |
Other, n (%) | 4 (19.0) | 21 (16.2) | 0.754 |
Comorbidities | |||
Diabetes, n (%) | 4 (19) | 25 (19.2) | 1 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 1 (4.8) | 12 (9.2) | 0.695 |
Peripheral neuropathy, n (%) | 1 (4.8) | 7 (5.4) | 1 |
History of stroke, n (%) | 1 (4.8) | 1 (0.8) | 0.260 |
History of cancer, n (%) | 3 (14.3) | 5 (3.8) | 0.082 |
Chronic kidney disease, n (%) | 0 | 2 (1.5) | 1 |
Neurodegenerative disorders, n (%) | 0 | 1 (0.8) | 1 |
Osteoporosis, n (%) | 5 (23.8) | 17 (13.1) | 0.195 |
Rheumatoid arthritis, n (%) | 1 (4.8) | 8 (6.2) | 1 |
FFI | |||
FFI total score, mean (SD) | 63.4 (23.0) | 53.2 (20.3) | 0.038 |
FFI pain score, mean (SD) | 70.3 (18.9) | 58.7 (21.9) | 0.024 |
FFI disability score, mean (SD) | 61.9 (29.1) | 58.7 (26.0) | 0.613 |
FFI activity limitation score, mean (SD) | 56.3 (23.0) | 27.3 (19.6) | <0.001 |
FIQ score, mean (SD) | 52.2 (22.6) |
FIQ Item | Mean (SD) |
---|---|
Physical functioning | 6.5 (2.8) |
No days felt good | 7.8 (2.2) |
Workdays missed | 6.5 (3.0) |
Ability to do job | 5.2 (2.8) |
Pain | 4.8 (2.8) |
Fatigue | 4.6 (3.0) |
Tiredness | 4.3 (3.1) |
Stiffness | 4.8 (3.2) |
Anxiety | 3.7 (2.8) |
Depression | 4.1 (3.0) |
Total FIQ | 52.2 (22.6) |
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Ciaffi, J.; Brognara, L.; Gangemi, G.; Vanni, E.; Assirelli, E.; Neri, S.; Casadei, G.; Mazzotti, A.; Di Martino, A.; Faldini, C.; et al. Prevalence and Characteristics of Fibromyalgia in Patients with Foot and Ankle Pain: The Experience of an Academic Podiatry Clinic. Medicina 2023, 59, 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59010058
Ciaffi J, Brognara L, Gangemi G, Vanni E, Assirelli E, Neri S, Casadei G, Mazzotti A, Di Martino A, Faldini C, et al. Prevalence and Characteristics of Fibromyalgia in Patients with Foot and Ankle Pain: The Experience of an Academic Podiatry Clinic. Medicina. 2023; 59(1):58. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59010058
Chicago/Turabian StyleCiaffi, Jacopo, Lorenzo Brognara, Giacomo Gangemi, Elena Vanni, Elisa Assirelli, Simona Neri, Giulia Casadei, Antonio Mazzotti, Alberto Di Martino, Cesare Faldini, and et al. 2023. "Prevalence and Characteristics of Fibromyalgia in Patients with Foot and Ankle Pain: The Experience of an Academic Podiatry Clinic" Medicina 59, no. 1: 58. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59010058