Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Pathophysiological Perspective
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
3. Discussion
3.1. Upper Airway Collapsibility
3.2. Muscle Responsiveness and Effectiveness
3.3. Phenotype Targeted Treatment
3.4. Treatments to Improve Muscle Function
3.5. Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy (OMT)
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Ethical Approval
References
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Impaired anatomy: |
Upper airway collapsibility |
Non-anatomical traits: |
Poor muscle responsiveness |
Low arousal threshold |
High loop gain |
PALM 1 (23% of OSA patients) |
Severe upper airway collapsibility (Pcrit > +2 cmH2O) |
PALM 2 (58% of OSA patients) |
Moderate upper airway collapsibility (Pcrit −2 to +2 cmH2O) |
PALM 3 (19% of OSA patients) |
Mild upper airway collapsibility (Pcrit < −2 cmH2O) |
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Koka, V.; De Vito, A.; Roisman, G.; Petitjean, M.; Filograna Pignatelli, G.R.; Padovani, D.; Randerath, W. Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Pathophysiological Perspective. Medicina 2021, 57, 323. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040323
Koka V, De Vito A, Roisman G, Petitjean M, Filograna Pignatelli GR, Padovani D, Randerath W. Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Pathophysiological Perspective. Medicina. 2021; 57(4):323. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040323
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoka, Venkata, Andrea De Vito, Gabriel Roisman, Michel Petitjean, Giulio Romano Filograna Pignatelli, Davide Padovani, and Winfried Randerath. 2021. "Orofacial Myofunctional Therapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome: A Pathophysiological Perspective" Medicina 57, no. 4: 323. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina57040323