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Volume 47
Issue 12
10.3390/cimb47121021
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Article

Genome-Wide Identification of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Family Genes in the Tomato Genus and Expression Profilings Under Salt Stress

by
Zhongyu Wang
1,†,
Jintao Wang
1,†,
Zepeng Wang
1,
Huifang Liu
1,
Hao Wang
2,
Qiang Wang
2,* and
Ning Li
1,*
1
Biological Breeding Laboratory, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
2
Vegetable Engineering Technology Research Center, Institute of Fruits and Vegetables, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830002, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47(12), 1021; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47121021 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 11 November 2025 / Revised: 1 December 2025 / Accepted: 5 December 2025 / Published: 7 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Functional Genomics and Comparative Genomics Analysis in Plants, 3rd Edition)
Review Reports Versions Notes

Abstract

The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is a key channel controlling mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis, yet its role in plant stress responses remains unclear. Using the tomato pan-genome, this study identified 66 MCU genes across 12 tomato species and grouped them into two distinct evolutionary subfamilies. Phylogenetic, collinearity, and selection pressure analyses revealed that MCU genes are evolutionarily conserved and have undergone strong purifying selection. In addition, one MCU gene located on chromosome 6 appears to have originated before the divergence of monocots and dicots, indicating an ancient evolutionary trajectory. Gene structure and conserved motif analyses confirmed their structural conservation, while promoter cis-element analysis suggested that MCU genes are widely involved in light and hormone responsiveness. Expression profiling under salt stress showed that multiple MCU genes are differentially regulated in a time-dependent manner: SolycMCU1 and SolycMCU2 respond rapidly at early stages, whereas SolycMCU5 and SolycMCU6 are upregulated during middle and late phases. These results highlight the functional diversification of MCU genes in tomato under salt stress. This study provides the first comprehensive evolutionary and functional analysis of the tomato MCU gene family, offering insights into their stress-regulatory mechanisms and potential use in breeding salt-tolerant tomatoes.
Keywords: tomato genus; MCU; evolutionary analysis; salt stress; expression pattern tomato genus; MCU; evolutionary analysis; salt stress; expression pattern

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MDPI and ACS Style

Wang, Z.; Wang, J.; Wang, Z.; Liu, H.; Wang, H.; Wang, Q.; Li, N. Genome-Wide Identification of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Family Genes in the Tomato Genus and Expression Profilings Under Salt Stress. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2025, 47, 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47121021

AMA Style

Wang Z, Wang J, Wang Z, Liu H, Wang H, Wang Q, Li N. Genome-Wide Identification of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Family Genes in the Tomato Genus and Expression Profilings Under Salt Stress. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. 2025; 47(12):1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47121021

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang, Zhongyu, Jintao Wang, Zepeng Wang, Huifang Liu, Hao Wang, Qiang Wang, and Ning Li. 2025. "Genome-Wide Identification of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Family Genes in the Tomato Genus and Expression Profilings Under Salt Stress" Current Issues in Molecular Biology 47, no. 12: 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47121021

APA Style

Wang, Z., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Liu, H., Wang, H., Wang, Q., & Li, N. (2025). Genome-Wide Identification of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Family Genes in the Tomato Genus and Expression Profilings Under Salt Stress. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 47(12), 1021. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb47121021

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