Camellia sinensis Aqueous Extract: A Promising Candidate for Hepatic Eimeriosis Treatment in Rabbits
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Green Tea Aqueous Extract’s Active Components
2.2. XRD Analysis of the Green Tea Extract
2.3. Green Tea Aqueous Extract Inhibited the Multiplication of E. stiedae
2.4. Green Tea Aqueous Extract Improved the Liver Weight of the Infected Rabbit
2.5. Green Tea Aqueous Extract Significantly Improved the Selected Biochemical Variables in Rabbits Infected with E. stiedae
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals
4.2. Laboratory Examination
4.3. Experimental Infection of Rabbits with Isolated and Identified E. stiedae
4.4. Herbal Extract (Green Tea®)
4.5. In Vivo Treatment
4.6. Hematological and Biochemical Analyses
4.7. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Days Post-Infection | Infected Untreated Group (G4) | Infected Treated Group (250 mg/kg) (G5) | Infected Treated Group (500 mg/kg) (G6) |
---|---|---|---|
14 | 177,500.0 ± 6379.21 | 161,000.00 ± 56,262.28 | 132,900.00 ± 13,472.97 * |
21 | 132,900.00 ± 13,472.97 | 25,500.0 ± 6678.73 * | 20,400.0 ± 7713.19 * |
28 | 500,000.00 ± 19,720 | 3000.00 ± 152.75 * | 1200.00 ± 152.05 * |
Days Post-Infection | Non-Infected Group (G1) | Infected Untreated (G4) | Infected Treated (250 mg/kg) (G5) | Infected Treated (500 mg/kg) (G6) |
---|---|---|---|---|
14 | 3.66 ± 0.577 | 78.00 ± 2.64 | 79.00 ± 1.00 | 78.33 ± 1.52 |
21 | 4.00 ± 0.00 | 108.33 ± 24.66 | 68.33 ± 7.63 * | 66.66 ± 7.63 * |
28 | 3.66 ± 0.577 | 159.00 ± 52.84 | 60.00 ± 13.22 * | 61.66 ± 16.07 * |
Enzymes and Biochemical Parameters | Non-Infected Group (G1) | Infected Untreated (G4) | Infected Treated (250 mg/kg) (G5) | Infected Treated (500 mg/kg) (G6) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Glucose | 9.31 ± 0.24 | 7.04 ± 0.25 | 9.19 ± 0.25 | 9.34 ± 0.22 |
Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) | 4.68 ± 0.14 | 4.46 ± 0.15 | 4.94 ± 0.08 | 4.79 ± 0.14 |
Glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) | 4.98 ± 0.41 | 44.59 ± 5.54 | 22.73 ± 3.14 * | 21.21 ± 1.48 * |
Glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT) | 4.95 ± 0.09 | 46.38 ± 5.00 | 40.70 ± 2.15 | 20.07 ± 1.49 * |
Potassium (K) | 5.67 ± 0.36 | 6.544 ± 0.633 | 4.93 ± 0.08 | 5.00 ± 0.14 |
Uric acid | 2.81 ± 0.09 | 4.27 ± 0.34 | 3.19 ± 0.13 | 4.100 ± 0.10 |
Cholesterol | 96.10 ± 1.32 | 104.10 ± 3.57 | 99.00 ± 0.57 | 97.93 ± 0.90 |
UREA | 40.93 ± 4.12 | 63.94 ± 4.16 | 49.60 ± 1.11 * | 44.98 ± 1.18 * |
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Baghdadi, H.B.A.; Rizk, M.A. Camellia sinensis Aqueous Extract: A Promising Candidate for Hepatic Eimeriosis Treatment in Rabbits. Pharmaceuticals 2023, 16, 1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16111598
Baghdadi HBA, Rizk MA. Camellia sinensis Aqueous Extract: A Promising Candidate for Hepatic Eimeriosis Treatment in Rabbits. Pharmaceuticals. 2023; 16(11):1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16111598
Chicago/Turabian StyleBaghdadi, Hanadi B. A., and Mohamed Abdo Rizk. 2023. "Camellia sinensis Aqueous Extract: A Promising Candidate for Hepatic Eimeriosis Treatment in Rabbits" Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 11: 1598. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16111598