Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue
1
Institute of Living Systems, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo Street 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia
2
Department of Bionanotechnology, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia
3
Laboratory of Biocatalysis, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia
4
Natural Nutraceutical Biotesting Laboratory, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia
5
Department of General Mathematics and Informatics, Kemerovo State University, Krasnaya Street 6, 650043 Kemerovo, Russia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Pharmaceuticals 2020, 13(9), 220; https://doi.org/10.3390/ph13090220
Received: 14 July 2020
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Revised: 19 August 2020
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Accepted: 26 August 2020
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Published: 28 August 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Compounds from Plants and Foods with Pharmaceutical Interest)
Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases of the connective tissue of the elderly. It was found that most epidemiological studies used the Kellgren and Lawrence system for classification of osteoarthritis, which indicates one of the 5 degrees (0–4) of osteoarthritis in various joints according to the radiographic atlas. It has been proven that chondroprotectors are represented by the following active substances: chondroitin sulfate, glucosamine sulfate or hydrochloride, hyaluronic acid, glycosaminoglycans, extraction preparations from animal or plant raw materials. The sources of raw materials for the manufacture of combined chondroprotectors are known, methods for their preparation and use are described. The main drugs on the chondroprotective market are presented. The effectiveness of their use for the treatment of osteoarthritis has been proven. It was found that preparations containing chondroitin sulfate have anti-inflammatory activity, affecting mainly the cellular component of inflammation, stimulate the synthesis of hyaluronic acid and proteoglycans. Methods of treating osteoarthritis using cell therapy (the use of readily available, highly proliferative, and multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells) are presented.
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Keywords:
osteoarthritis; chondroprotectors; treatment; collagen; chondrocytes; hyaluronic acid
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MDPI and ACS Style
Sukhikh, S.; Babich, O.; Prosekov, A.; Patyukov, N.; Ivanova, S. Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue. Pharmaceuticals 2020, 13, 220. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph13090220
AMA Style
Sukhikh S, Babich O, Prosekov A, Patyukov N, Ivanova S. Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue. Pharmaceuticals. 2020; 13(9):220. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph13090220
Chicago/Turabian StyleSukhikh, Stanislav, Olga Babich, Alexander Prosekov, Nikolai Patyukov, and Svetlana Ivanova. 2020. "Future of Chondroprotectors in the Treatment of Degenerative Processes of Connective Tissue" Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 9: 220. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph13090220
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