Improved Estimation of Exercise Intensity Thresholds by Combining Dual Non-Invasive Biomarker Concepts: Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability and Respiratory Frequency
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Data Processing
2.3. Calculation of VTs
2.4. Calculation of the HRVTs
2.5. Calculation of the EDRTs
2.6. Calculation of HRVT and EDRT Combination
3. Statistics
4. Results
EDRT, HRVT and Combo Agreement to VTs
5. Discussion
6. Limitations
7. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sex | Age [Years] | Height [cm] | Body Weight [kg] | HRMAX [bpm] | VO2MAX [mL/kg/min] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M (N = 12) | 42.8 (±12.9) | 178.2 (±7.8) | 83.3 (±13.3) | 176.3 (±15.4) | 41.4 (±8.8) |
F (N = 8) | 35.8 (±10.9) | 169.4 (±4.4) | 65.6 (±9.8) | 174.4 (±6.3) | 40.2 (±4.9) |
VT1 HR | HRVT1 HR | EDRT1 HR | Combo1 HR | VT2 HR | HRVT2 HR | EDRT2 HR | Combo2 HR | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 20 | N = 16 | N = 20 | N = 20 | N = 20 | N = 16 | N = 20 | N = 20 | |
156 | 161 | 153 | 157 | 179 | 177 | 182 | 180 | |
150 | 162 | 131 | 147 | 169 | 172 | 167 | 170 | |
125 | 143 | 125 | 134 | 152 | 153 | 147 | 150 | |
137 | 150 | 125 | 138 | 151 | 171 | 151 | 161 | |
156 | 159 | 146 | 153 | 171 | 173 | 167 | 170 | |
165 | - | 139 | 139 | 187 | - | 189 | 189 | |
119 | - | 111 | 111 | 145 | - | 141 | 141 | |
159 | 173 | 141 | 157 | 175 | 182 | 173 | 178 | |
126 | - | 135 | 135 | 148 | - | 155 | 155 | |
122 | - | 112 | 112 | 141 | - | 138 | 138 | |
139 | 131 | 129 | 130 | 158 | 165 | 151 | 158 | |
154 | 156 | 143 | 150 | 180 | 173 | 181 | 177 | |
126 | 144 | 122 | 133 | 150 | 156 | 148 | 152 | |
155 | 159 | 149 | 154 | 177 | 174 | 171 | 173 | |
136 | 141 | 119 | 130 | 168 | 154 | 158 | 156 | |
139 | 156 | 125 | 141 | 169 | 166 | 167 | 167 | |
144 | 160 | 137 | 149 | 168 | 170 | 169 | 170 | |
156 | 154 | 146 | 150 | 168 | 165 | 173 | 169 | |
149 | 162 | 142 | 152 | 171 | 169 | 172 | 171 | |
114 | 116 | 131 | 124 | 164 | 145 | 172 | 159 | |
Mean ± SD | 141 ± 15 | 152 ± 14 | 133 ± 12 | 140 ± 13 | 165 ± 13 | 167 ± 10 | 164 ± 14 | 164 ± 13 |
r | - | 0.83 | 0.78 | 0.84 | - | 0.58 | 0.95 | 0.94 |
p | - | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.36 | - | 0.89 | 0.36 | 0.59 |
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Rogers, B.; Schaffarczyk, M.; Gronwald, T. Improved Estimation of Exercise Intensity Thresholds by Combining Dual Non-Invasive Biomarker Concepts: Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability and Respiratory Frequency. Sensors 2023, 23, 1973. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23041973
Rogers B, Schaffarczyk M, Gronwald T. Improved Estimation of Exercise Intensity Thresholds by Combining Dual Non-Invasive Biomarker Concepts: Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability and Respiratory Frequency. Sensors. 2023; 23(4):1973. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23041973
Chicago/Turabian StyleRogers, Bruce, Marcelle Schaffarczyk, and Thomas Gronwald. 2023. "Improved Estimation of Exercise Intensity Thresholds by Combining Dual Non-Invasive Biomarker Concepts: Correlation Properties of Heart Rate Variability and Respiratory Frequency" Sensors 23, no. 4: 1973. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23041973