Analogical Assessment of Train-Induced Vibration and Radiated Noise in a Proposed Theater
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Overview of the Theater
3. Assessment Methods
3.1. Experimental Tools
3.2. Vibration Assessment Method
3.3. Radiated Noise Assessment Methods
3.3.1. Equivalent Continuous A-Weighted Sound Pressure
3.3.2. Noise Rating Number
3.4. Allowable Vibration and Noise Levels
4. Measurements and Analysis in the Theater Construction Site
4.1. Metro Information
4.2. In-Track Vibration Measurements and Analysis
4.3. Ground Vibration Tests and Analysis
5. Measurements and Analysis in the Analogical Building
5.1. Analogical Building Selection
5.2. Ground Vibration Validation
5.3. Analogical Measurements and Analysis
- The vibration and noise measurements and analysis in the public area such as the staircase, staircase compartment and parking lot to simulate the public area of the theater;
- The vibration and noise measurements and analysis in the cinema simulate the dream theater and the multi-functional performing space in the theater.
5.3.1. Public Area Measurements and Analysis
5.3.2. Cinema Measurements and Analysis
6. Conclusions and Discussion
- The train-induced vibration presents higher responses in the analogical building. With the same horizontal distance (50 m) from the metro tunnel, the ground vibration in the staircase of the analogical building was up to 65 dB, which is 9 dB higher than that in the construction site of the theater. In the cinema of the analogical building (60 m from the metro tunnel), the train-induced ground vibration was up to 70 dB, which is already 5 dB higher than the daytime allowable level for the theater. Such results indicate that the expected vibration level in the theater will be much higher than now measured at the construction site, which can be explained by the excavation of soil that reduced the soil damping effect.
- The highest equivalent continuous A sound pressure obtained in the public area of the analogical building was 55 dB (A), which is 10 dB (A) higher than the allowable level of the theater. The noise rating number in the cinema of the analogical building was up to NR-43. Compared with the allowable level of NR-20 for the dream theater and multi-functional performing space, the noise reduction requirement for the theater is more than 23 dB, which puts forward a challenging task for the theater anti-vibration design and construction.
- The expected high impact of train-induced vibration and radiated noise on the proposed theater is not only due to the mutual positional relationship between the theater and the metro tunnel, but also due to the lack of anti-vibration design of the current metro line. Such a fact puts forward requirements on the planned metro lines. To guarantee the stage effect of the theater, vibration mitigation measures have to be fully considered.
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sensor Type | Test Object | Measuring Range | Resolution | Frequency Range |
---|---|---|---|---|
Accelerometer | Tunnel wall and ground acceleration | ±7 m/s2 | 0.00025 m/s2 | 0.1–500 Hz |
Sound level meter | Radiated noise | 20–146 dB | 0.01 dB | 10–20,000 Hz |
Octave Frequency (Hz) | 31.5 | 63 | 125 | 250 | 500 | 1000 | 2000 | 4000 | 8000 |
Sound Pressure Level (dB (A)) | 69 | 51 | 39 | 31 | 24 | 20 | 17 | 14 | 13 |
Items\Lines | Line A | Line B |
---|---|---|
Train type/Axle load | Metro Type A/17 tones | |
Marshalling number | 6 | 8 |
Train length | 140 m | 184 m |
Passing velocity | 60 km/h | 110 km/h |
Tunnel construction method | Cut and cover | Shield |
Track/Rail type | Ordinary monolithic track bed/CN 60 | |
Depth of rail top | 15 m | 21 m |
Shortest distance from the theater | 30 m | 80 m |
Items | Theater | Shopping Center |
---|---|---|
Metro track type | The ordinary integral track bed | |
Train velocity | 60 km/h | |
The horizontal distance from Line A | ≈30 m | |
Tunnel rail surface depth | 13 m | 15 m |
Structure foundation depth | 15 m | 12 m |
Geological condition | Plain fill, grit, gravelly clay, completely decomposed granite | |
Composition at the bottom of tunnels | Gravelly clay |
B2F Noise Test Point | Radiated Noise | Background Noise | Difference | Amendment | Amended Noise |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Staircase | 55 | 37 | 18 | 0 | 55 |
Staircase compartment | 49 | 30 | 19 | 0 | 49 |
Parking lot | 39 | 32 | 7 | 1 | 38 |
Test Points | N1 | N2 | N3 | N4 | N5 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
LAeq (dB (A)) | 42 | 40 | 42 | 41 | 40 |
NR value | NR-40 | NR-40 | NR-43 | NR-42 | NR-38 |
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Liu, X.; Xiao, Y.; Jiang, H.; Guo, Y.; Yu, M.; Tan, W. Analogical Assessment of Train-Induced Vibration and Radiated Noise in a Proposed Theater. Sensors 2023, 23, 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010505
Liu X, Xiao Y, Jiang H, Guo Y, Yu M, Tan W. Analogical Assessment of Train-Induced Vibration and Radiated Noise in a Proposed Theater. Sensors. 2023; 23(1):505. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010505
Chicago/Turabian StyleLiu, Xiangming, Yuchun Xiao, Huihuang Jiang, Yunlong Guo, Mengwen Yu, and Wanzhong Tan. 2023. "Analogical Assessment of Train-Induced Vibration and Radiated Noise in a Proposed Theater" Sensors 23, no. 1: 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010505
APA StyleLiu, X., Xiao, Y., Jiang, H., Guo, Y., Yu, M., & Tan, W. (2023). Analogical Assessment of Train-Induced Vibration and Radiated Noise in a Proposed Theater. Sensors, 23(1), 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23010505