Design of a 5G Sub-6 GHz Vehicular Cellular Antenna Element with Consistent Radiation Pattern Using Characteristic Mode Analysis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Introduction to the Theory of Characteristic Modes
1.2. Automotive Requirements and Constraints
1.3. Paper Organization
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Design Description
2.2. Antenna Characteristic Mode Analysis
2.3. Optimization Method and Parametric Study
2.3.1. Long-Structure Tuning
2.3.2. Short-Structure Tuning
2.3.3. Combining Long and Short Structures
3. Results
3.1. Antenna Evaluation Setup
3.2. VSWR
3.3. Radiation Pattern
3.4. Performance across the Frequency Range
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Abdul-Rahman, E.; Aloi, D.N. Design of a 5G Sub-6 GHz Vehicular Cellular Antenna Element with Consistent Radiation Pattern Using Characteristic Mode Analysis. Sensors 2022, 22, 8862. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22228862
Abdul-Rahman E, Aloi DN. Design of a 5G Sub-6 GHz Vehicular Cellular Antenna Element with Consistent Radiation Pattern Using Characteristic Mode Analysis. Sensors. 2022; 22(22):8862. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22228862
Chicago/Turabian StyleAbdul-Rahman, Ehab, and Daniel N. Aloi. 2022. "Design of a 5G Sub-6 GHz Vehicular Cellular Antenna Element with Consistent Radiation Pattern Using Characteristic Mode Analysis" Sensors 22, no. 22: 8862. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22228862