Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy
Abstract
1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Microplastics, Chemicals, and Prepared Sample Suspensions
2.2. Water Circuit Setup, Microplastics Compatibility Tests, and Cleaning Protocol
2.3. Opto-Mechanical Setup, Detection Parameters, and Data Procession
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Microplastics Compatibility
3.2. Microplastics Detection
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Abbrev. | Polymer | Particle Sizes [µm] | Particle Shape | Density [g/cm3] | Raman Bands 1 [rel. cm−1] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PA | polyamide | 1–315 | fragments | 1.14 | 2875, 2903, 2928 |
PE | polyethylene | 1–315 | fragments | 0.92 | 2850, 2884 |
PMMA | polymethyl-methacrylate | 15–150 | microbead | 1.18 | 2848, 2955, 3002 |
PP | polypropylene | 150 | microbead | 0.91 | 2842, 2886, 2961 |
PS | polystyrene | 106–125 | microbead | 1.05 | 2855, 2907, 3058 |
Tubing Material | PA Fragments | PE Fragments | PMMA Microbeads |
---|---|---|---|
PTFE | <20 | <20 | 0 |
PVC 1 | >1000 | >1000 | >1000 |
TPO 1 | 50 | >1000 | >1000 |
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Kniggendorf, A.-K.; Wetzel, C.; Roth, B. Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy. Sensors 2019, 19, 1839. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081839
Kniggendorf A-K, Wetzel C, Roth B. Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy. Sensors. 2019; 19(8):1839. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081839
Chicago/Turabian StyleKniggendorf, Ann-Kathrin, Christoph Wetzel, and Bernhard Roth. 2019. "Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy" Sensors 19, no. 8: 1839. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081839
APA StyleKniggendorf, A.-K., Wetzel, C., & Roth, B. (2019). Microplastics Detection in Streaming Tap Water with Raman Spectroscopy. Sensors, 19(8), 1839. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19081839