A New Model and Its Application for the Dynamic Response of RGO Resistive Gas Sensor
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental
2.1. Sensor Preparation
2.2. Test Instrument and Measurement Procedure
2.3. The Characteristics of Film
2.4. The Dynamic Response and Preliminary Analysis
3. Theory
3.1. Influence of Adsorbed Gas Molecules
3.2. Basic Assumptions
- Surface approximation. The surface of the film is homogeneous and the adsorption process is deemed as monolayer adsorption. This assumption implies that multilayer and microporous adsorption, etc., are not considered.
- Gas concentration effect. The adsorption and desorption of gas molecules occur simultaneously, and their numbers are influenced by the number of molecules contacting the surface of the film per unit time. This assumption means that the main factor that affects the adsorption and desorption is the gas concentration under the conditions of constant temperature and pressure, with no illumination.
- Response process approximation. When gas concentration is changed, the number of molecules colliding on the surface of the film changes greatly at the beginning, thereafter the adsorption and desorption occur simultaneously and at last reach a balance state. The main factor that affects the adsorption and desorption is the gas intermolecular force.
3.3. Intermolecular Forces Based Model of Adsorption and Desorption
Total molecules |
= Free molecules + molecules hit on the film surface () |
= Free molecules + A-type molecules + NA-type molecules |
- Stage 1: The Beginning StateThis stage can finish instantaneously under ideal conditions.The randomly moving gas molecules collide constantly with each other and with the surface of sensor, of them hitting on the surface of sensor, and molecules are adsorbed on the surface. The adsorption ratio is mainly affected by the sensitive material, surface morphology, temperature, humidity, pressure, illumination, and gas species, etc. This state is shown in Figure 3a stage 1 and Figure 3b stage 1. .
- Stage 2: Adsorption ProcessAdsorption and desorption occur simultaneously, however, we can focus only on the combined effect, which can be regarded as net increment of adsorption.(1) With the increment of A-type molecules, the probability that NA-type molecules meet A-type molecules increases. Meanwhile, the average intermolecular distance decreases and the attractive force increases as shown in Figure 3b stage 2 ①. Consequently, some of the NA-type molecules approaching A-type molecules are more likely to be attracted to the film and transferred to AT-type molecules as shown in Figure 3a stage 2 ①. Note that the number of the NA-type molecules is proportional to molecules hitting on the film surface (), then the rate of adsorption is affected by and a function(2) With the increment of the A-type molecules number, the average distance between some A-type molecules decreases, resulting in the weakening of the attractive forces and the strengthening of the repulsive forces as shown in Figure 3b stage 2 ②. As a result, the number of AT-type molecules will decrease, which means the adsorption rate will slow down
3.4. Analysis of Intermolecular Forces Adsorption Model
4. Results and Discussion
4.1. New Calibration Method of Gas Concentration
4.2. Influence of Parameter m
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Du, H.; Xie, G.; Su, Y.; Tai, H.; Du, X.; Yu, H.; Zhang, Q. A New Model and Its Application for the Dynamic Response of RGO Resistive Gas Sensor. Sensors 2019, 19, 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040889
Du H, Xie G, Su Y, Tai H, Du X, Yu H, Zhang Q. A New Model and Its Application for the Dynamic Response of RGO Resistive Gas Sensor. Sensors. 2019; 19(4):889. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040889
Chicago/Turabian StyleDu, Hongfei, Guangzhong Xie, Yuanjie Su, Huiling Tai, Xiaosong Du, He Yu, and Qiuping Zhang. 2019. "A New Model and Its Application for the Dynamic Response of RGO Resistive Gas Sensor" Sensors 19, no. 4: 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040889
APA StyleDu, H., Xie, G., Su, Y., Tai, H., Du, X., Yu, H., & Zhang, Q. (2019). A New Model and Its Application for the Dynamic Response of RGO Resistive Gas Sensor. Sensors, 19(4), 889. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19040889