The Early Branching Group of Orbiniida Sensu Struck et al., 2015: Parergodrilidae and Orbiniidae
1
Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, Postboks 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway
2
N.A. Pertsov White Sea Biological Station, Biological Faculty, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1–12, 119234 Moscow, Russia
3
Frontiers of Evolutionary Zoology Research Group, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, 0562 Oslo, Norway
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Diversity 2021, 13(1), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/d13010029
Received: 17 November 2020
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Revised: 17 December 2020
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Accepted: 21 December 2020
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Published: 13 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Systematics and Diversity of Annelids)
This review addresses the state of the art of the systematics and the improvements in the biology, ecology and species diversity of the two annelid taxa Parergodrilidae and Orbiniidae, the early branching group of Orbiniida sensu Struck et al., 2015 according to molecular studies. An effort to identify gaps of knowledge is given to understand the distribution, dispersal and the diversity Parergodrilidae and Orbiniidae hold, as well as to give several directions for future research. Parergodrilidae is a taxon of interstitial annelids constituted by the terrestrial Parergodrilus heideri (monotypic genus up to date), reported throughout Europe but also in Korea and North America, and the genus Stygocapitella, which includes eleven species from the upper shore of sandy beaches distributed along Europe and other regions of the world. Orbiniidae contains more than 200 described species spread over 20 valid genera, varying in size from a few millimeters up to 30 cm, distributed globally and living in a wide variety of soft bottoms. Improving the knowledge on these two sister-taxa is crucial for the understanding of the evolution to interstitial forms by progenesis in Annelida.
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Keywords:
biodiversity; biology; distribution; diversity; ecology; phylogeny; taxonomy
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MDPI and ACS Style
Meca, M.A.; Zhadan, A.; Struck, T.H. The Early Branching Group of Orbiniida Sensu Struck et al., 2015: Parergodrilidae and Orbiniidae. Diversity 2021, 13, 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13010029
AMA Style
Meca MA, Zhadan A, Struck TH. The Early Branching Group of Orbiniida Sensu Struck et al., 2015: Parergodrilidae and Orbiniidae. Diversity. 2021; 13(1):29. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13010029
Chicago/Turabian StyleMeca, Miguel A., Anna Zhadan, and Torsten H. Struck. 2021. "The Early Branching Group of Orbiniida Sensu Struck et al., 2015: Parergodrilidae and Orbiniidae" Diversity 13, no. 1: 29. https://doi.org/10.3390/d13010029
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