Interaction of Wild Strains of Aspergilla with Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC15517 on Aflatoxins Production
Abstract
:Introduction
Materials and Methods
Strains
“In vitro” aflatoxin production model
- a)
- References were inoculated with spore suspension of A. parasiticus ATCC 15517 (2 mL), diluted to 50%; spores densities were estimated using an opacity gradient equivalent to 0.5 Macfarland.
- b)
- Interactive cultures of the two strains (A. parasiticus ATCC 15517 more each of the other Aspergilla isolates) were inoculated with 1 ml of each spore suspension.
Extraction and immunoaffinity column chromatography
Aflatoxin quantification (HPLC)
Results and Discussion
- †It has been brought to our attention that due to a production error an earlier unedited version of this paper was uploaded as http://www.mdpi.org/ijms/papers/i9030394-old.pdf. It has now been replaced with the correct version. The Editorial Office wishes to apologize to our readership for this error.
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A. parasiticus culture | 8th day | 12th day |
---|---|---|
No. assays | 14 | 14 |
Global Productivity (mg/kg) | 25.8 | 42.0 |
Standard deviation (SD) | 1.42 | 3.6 |
Variance | 2.02 | 12.8 |
Confidence Level (p= 0.05) | 0.75 | 1.88 |
Cultures | Productivity* (mg/kg) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AFB1 | AFB2 | AFG1 | AFG2 | Total | |
A. parasiticus (Ap) | 10.1 | 8.2 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 25.4 |
Ap + A. candidus | 12.0 | 10.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 36.0 |
Ap + A. clavatus | 12.0 | 10.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 36.0 |
Ap + A. flavipes | 18.0 | 12.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 44.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 1 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 34.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 2 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 37.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 3 | 18.0 | 10.0 | 8.0 | 6.0 | 42.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 4 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 33.4 |
Ap + A. flavus 5 | 16.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 4.0 | 36.0 |
Ap +A. fumigatus | 6.0 | 6.0 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 17.2 |
Ap + A. glaucus | 12.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 34.0 |
Ap + A. niger | 3.0 | 3.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 8.0 |
Ap + A. restrictus | 12.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 36.0 |
Ap + A. terreus | 6.0 | 6.0 | 3.2 | 2.0 | 17.2 |
Ap+ A. versicolor | 12.0 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 40.0 |
Cultures | Productivity* (mg/kg) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
AFB1 | AFB2 | AFG1 | AFG2 | Total | |
A. parasiticus (Ap) | 18.0 | 13.3 | 7.0 | 3.7 | 42.0 |
Ap + A. candidus | 18.0 | 16.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 54.0 |
Ap + A. clavatus | 18.0 | 18.0 | 12.0 | 12.0 | 60.0 |
Ap + A. flavipes | 30.0 | 20.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 68.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 1 | 18.0 | 6.0 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 39.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 2 | 20.0 | 10.0 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 45.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 3 | 24.0 | 10.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 52.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 4 | 20.0 | 18.0 | 12.0 | 6.0 | 56.0 |
Ap + A. flavus 5 | 20.0 | 16.0 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 53.0 |
Ap +A. fumigatus | 8.0 | 8.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 22.0 |
Ap + A. glaucus | 16.0 | 12.0 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 35.0 |
Ap + A. niger | 6.0 | 4.0 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 12.8 |
Ap + A. restrictus | 20.0 | 16.0 | 10.0 | 6.0 | 52.0 |
Ap + A. terreus | 8.0 | 8.0 | 4.0 | 2.0 | 22.0 |
Ap+ A. versicolor | 18.0 | 16.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 54.0 |
Cultures | Productivity deviation ratio (%) by Aspergillus strains relative to the testimony | Interactions | |
---|---|---|---|
8th day | 12th day | ||
Ap + A. candidus | 39.4 | 28.6 | Synergic |
Ap + A. clavatus | 39.4 | 42.9 | Synergic |
Ap + A. flavipes | 70.4 | 62.0 | Synergic |
Ap + A. flavus 1 | 31.6 | −7.1 | Synergic/Antagonist |
Ap + A. flavus 2 | 43.3 | 7.2 | Synergic |
Ap + A. flavus 3 | 62.6 | 23.9 | Synergic |
Ap + A. flavus 4 | 29.3 | 33.4 | Synergic |
Ap + A. flavus 5 | 39.4 | 26.2 | Synergic |
Ap +A. fumigatus | −33.4 | −47.6 | Antagonist |
Ap + A. glaucus | 31.6 | −16.6 | Synergic/Antagonist |
Ap + A. niger | −69.0 | −69.5 | Antagonist |
Ap + A. restrictus | 39.4 | 23.9 | Synergic |
Ap + A. terreus | −33.4 | −47.6 | Antagonist |
Ap+ A. versicolor | 54.9 | 28.6 | Synergic |
Share and Cite
Martins, H.M.; Almeida, I.; Marques, M.; Bernardo, F. Interaction of Wild Strains of Aspergilla with Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC15517 on Aflatoxins Production. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2008, 9, 394-400. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms9030394
Martins HM, Almeida I, Marques M, Bernardo F. Interaction of Wild Strains of Aspergilla with Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC15517 on Aflatoxins Production. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2008; 9(3):394-400. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms9030394
Chicago/Turabian StyleMartins, H. Marina, Inês Almeida, Marta Marques, and Fernando Bernardo. 2008. "Interaction of Wild Strains of Aspergilla with Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC15517 on Aflatoxins Production" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 9, no. 3: 394-400. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms9030394