Next Article in Journal
LA-GM-CSF, a Long-Acting Cytokine Mitigates and Prevents H-ARS Mediated Lethality in Mice Exposed to Total Body Gamma Radiation
Previous Article in Journal
Prunus mume Concentrate and Ca2+ Dual Cross-Linking Facilitate Sodium Alginate/Carboxymethyl Chitosan/Gelatin Microcapsules for Probiotic Encapsulation
Previous Article in Special Issue
Prevalence of Small A-Delta Fiber Neuropathy in Sjögren’s Disease: Findings from a Cohort Study
 
 
Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
Journals
IJMS
Volume 27
Issue 9
10.3390/ijms27094144
ijms-logo
Submit to this Journal Review for this Journal Propose a Special Issue
► Article Menu

Article Menu

share Share announcement Help format_quote Cite
first_page
settings
Order Article Reprints
Font Type:
Arial Georgia Verdana
Font Size:
Aa Aa Aa
Line Spacing:
Column Width:
Background:
This is an early access version, the complete PDF, HTML, and XML versions will be available soon.
Review

Molecular Insights into Oral Manifestations in Sjögren’s Disease

by
Konstantina Xanthopoulou
1,†,
Anna Siatra
1,†,
Konstantinos I. Tosios
1 and
Eleni-Marina Kalogirou
2,*
1
School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
2
Faculty of Health Sciences, Metropolitan College, 15125 Athens, Greece
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27(9), 4144; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094144 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 26 February 2026 / Revised: 28 April 2026 / Accepted: 28 April 2026 / Published: 6 May 2026
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms of Sjögren's Syndrome, 4th Edition)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Sjögren’s Disease is an autoimmune epithelitis targeting the exocrine glands, predominantly the salivary and lacrimal glands, resulting in the major symptoms of dry mouth and dry eyes. The aim of this study is to review the pertinent literature on studies linking the oral manifestations of SjD patients, with the underlying molecular events driving SjD pathogenesis. These include mechanisms inducing innate sensing in salivary gland epithelial cells, activation of interferon signaling pathway, amplification of cytokines and chemokines, and orchestration of the inflammatory milieu in salivary glands, as well as mechanisms inducing salivary epithelial tissue destruction and secretory dysfunction, such as programmed cell death pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, structural disorganization, loss of junctional integrity, and quantitative and qualitative aberrations in salivary secretory process.
Keywords: Sjögren’s disease; Sjögren’s syndrome; autoimmune disease; dry mouth; xerostomia; oral manifestations; saliva; salivary gland epithelial cells; immune cells; molecular pathways Sjögren’s disease; Sjögren’s syndrome; autoimmune disease; dry mouth; xerostomia; oral manifestations; saliva; salivary gland epithelial cells; immune cells; molecular pathways

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Xanthopoulou, K.; Siatra, A.; Tosios, K.I.; Kalogirou, E.-M. Molecular Insights into Oral Manifestations in Sjögren’s Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2026, 27, 4144. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094144

AMA Style

Xanthopoulou K, Siatra A, Tosios KI, Kalogirou E-M. Molecular Insights into Oral Manifestations in Sjögren’s Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2026; 27(9):4144. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094144

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xanthopoulou, Konstantina, Anna Siatra, Konstantinos I. Tosios, and Eleni-Marina Kalogirou. 2026. "Molecular Insights into Oral Manifestations in Sjögren’s Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 27, no. 9: 4144. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094144

APA Style

Xanthopoulou, K., Siatra, A., Tosios, K. I., & Kalogirou, E.-M. (2026). Molecular Insights into Oral Manifestations in Sjögren’s Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 27(9), 4144. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms27094144

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

Article Metrics

Article metric data becomes available approximately 24 hours after publication online.
Back to TopTop