Establishment of Shoot Cultures of Nepeta curviflora Boiss., Scale-Up in a Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactor and Phytochemical Analysis

Piątczak, Ewelina; Okońska, Klaudia; Kolniak-Ostek, Joanna; Szymańska, Grażyna; Kochan, Ewa

doi:10.3390/ijms262311409

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Establishment of Shoot Cultures of Nepeta curviflora Boiss., Scale-Up in a Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactor and Phytochemical Analysis

by

Ewelina Piątczak

^1,*

,

Klaudia Okońska

^2,3,

Joanna Kolniak-Ostek

⁴

,

Grażyna Szymańska

¹

and

Ewa Kochan

¹

Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland

²

Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (Student Scientific Association), Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, Muszyńskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland

³

MSD Poland, Chlodna 51, 00-867 Warsaw, Poland

⁴

Department of Fruit, Vegetable and Plant Nutraceutical Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Chełmońskiego 37, 51-630 Wroclaw, Poland

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(23), 11409; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311409

Submission received: 22 October 2025 / Revised: 16 November 2025 / Accepted: 19 November 2025 / Published: 25 November 2025

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Latest Molecular Research in Plant Secondary Metabolism)

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Abstract

Shoot cultures of Nepeta curviflora were used to test the effect of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and riboside 6-benzylaminopurine (r-BAP) on the growth and production of phenolic compounds. The best multiplication was achieved on agar Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) with r-BAP (1.5 mg/L), where 74% of explants produced about eight axillary shoots. The fresh weight (FW) was about 0.6 g/tube (24 g/L) and the dry weight (DW) was about 0.04 g/tube (2 g/L). To scale up the culture, the shoot culture was grown for the first time in a nutrient sprinkle bioreactor. After 4 weeks of culture, the multiplication rate (8.13) was higher than that observed in glass tubes (8.03). The fresh biomass was 113.2 g/bioreactor (75.5 g/L) and the dry mass was 14 g/bioreactor (9.3 g/L). Extracts from obtained plant material were analyzed by the UPLC/DAD/qTOF-MS technique. A total of 32 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified. The total content of compounds ranged from 600 to 1400 mg/100 g of dry weight (DW), depending on the culture conditions. In the profile of shoot cultures, rosmarinic acid was dominant, whereas prolithospermic acid was mostly noted in extract from aerial parts of the plant obtained from the field.

Keywords: cytokinins; hyperhydricity; Nepeta curviflora; nutrient sprinkle bioreactor; phenolic compounds; shoot culture

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MDPI and ACS Style

Piątczak, E.; Okońska, K.; Kolniak-Ostek, J.; Szymańska, G.; Kochan, E. Establishment of Shoot Cultures of Nepeta curviflora Boiss., Scale-Up in a Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactor and Phytochemical Analysis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 11409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311409

AMA Style

Piątczak E, Okońska K, Kolniak-Ostek J, Szymańska G, Kochan E. Establishment of Shoot Cultures of Nepeta curviflora Boiss., Scale-Up in a Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactor and Phytochemical Analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(23):11409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311409

Chicago/Turabian Style

Piątczak, Ewelina, Klaudia Okońska, Joanna Kolniak-Ostek, Grażyna Szymańska, and Ewa Kochan. 2025. "Establishment of Shoot Cultures of Nepeta curviflora Boiss., Scale-Up in a Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactor and Phytochemical Analysis" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 23: 11409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311409

APA Style

Piątczak, E., Okońska, K., Kolniak-Ostek, J., Szymańska, G., & Kochan, E. (2025). Establishment of Shoot Cultures of Nepeta curviflora Boiss., Scale-Up in a Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactor and Phytochemical Analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(23), 11409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms262311409

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Establishment of Shoot Cultures of Nepeta curviflora Boiss., Scale-Up in a Nutrient Sprinkle Bioreactor and Phytochemical Analysis

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