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Volume 26
Issue 20
10.3390/ijms26209893
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Review

Molecular Landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Pediatric Patient-Age-Related Correlations

by
Katarzyna Cencelewicz
1,
Barbara Pieniążek
1,
Joanna Chajec
1,
Jakub Buziak
1,
Aleksandra Ozygała
2,
Julia Sochaczewska
3,
Monika Lejman
2,† and
Joanna Zawitkowska
4,*,†
1
Student Scientific Society of Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
2
Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
3
Student Scientific Society of Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
4
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26(20), 9893; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209893 (registering DOI)
Submission received: 27 July 2025 / Revised: 29 September 2025 / Accepted: 9 October 2025 / Published: 11 October 2025
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunotherapy Versus Immune Modulation of Leukemia)
Versions Notes

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) accounts for 15–20% of childhood leukemia cases; however, it is characterized by very high aggressiveness and has the highest mortality rate among leukemias, with relapse rates ranging from 34% to 38%. It is a disease characterized by high molecular diversity, and the frequency of specific genetic alterations in children is different from that in adults. Furthermore, mutations and rearrangements vary with age within the pediatric population. To date, a wide spectrum of genetic alterations has already been studied, but the molecular landscape of each patient is unique. An analysis of rearrangements and mutations specific to children of different ages appears to be crucial in order to individualize diagnosis and therapy appropriately. The aim of the following review is to analyze the molecular landscape of pediatric AML by age in detail in order to prioritize therapeutic strategies dedicated to specific age groups.
Keywords: acute myeloid leukemia; AML; pediatrics; molecular landscape acute myeloid leukemia; AML; pediatrics; molecular landscape

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MDPI and ACS Style

Cencelewicz, K.; Pieniążek, B.; Chajec, J.; Buziak, J.; Ozygała, A.; Sochaczewska, J.; Lejman, M.; Zawitkowska, J. Molecular Landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Pediatric Patient-Age-Related Correlations. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2025, 26, 9893. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209893

AMA Style

Cencelewicz K, Pieniążek B, Chajec J, Buziak J, Ozygała A, Sochaczewska J, Lejman M, Zawitkowska J. Molecular Landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Pediatric Patient-Age-Related Correlations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2025; 26(20):9893. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209893

Chicago/Turabian Style

Cencelewicz, Katarzyna, Barbara Pieniążek, Joanna Chajec, Jakub Buziak, Aleksandra Ozygała, Julia Sochaczewska, Monika Lejman, and Joanna Zawitkowska. 2025. "Molecular Landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Pediatric Patient-Age-Related Correlations" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 26, no. 20: 9893. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209893

APA Style

Cencelewicz, K., Pieniążek, B., Chajec, J., Buziak, J., Ozygała, A., Sochaczewska, J., Lejman, M., & Zawitkowska, J. (2025). Molecular Landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Pediatric Patient-Age-Related Correlations. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 26(20), 9893. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26209893

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