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Article

Acute-Phase Plasma Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Predicting Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Elderly

by
Mai Nampei
,
Yume Suzuki
,
Hideki Nakajima
,
Hiroki Oinaka
,
Fumihiro Kawakita
,
Hidenori Suzuki
* and
pSEED Group
†
Department of Neurosurgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Members along with their affiliations listed in Appendix A.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(3), 1701; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031701
Submission received: 29 December 2023 / Revised: 22 January 2024 / Accepted: 29 January 2024 / Published: 30 January 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Biology)
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Abstract

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has increased with the aging of the population, but the outcome for elderly SAH patients is very poor. Therefore, predicting the outcome is important for determining whether to pursue aggressive treatment. Pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) is a matricellular protein that is induced in the brain, and the plasma levels could be used as a biomarker for the severity of metabolic diseases. This study investigated whether acute-phase plasma PEDF levels could predict outcomes after aneurysmal SAH in the elderly. Plasma samples and clinical variables were collected over 1–3 days, post-SAH, from 56 consecutive elderly SAH patients ≥75 years of age registered in nine regional stroke centers in Japan between September 2013 and December 2016. The samples and variables were analyzed in terms of 3-month outcomes. Acute-phase plasma PEDF levels were significantly elevated in patients with ultimately poor outcomes, and the cutoff value of 12.6 µg/mL differentiated 3-month outcomes with high sensitivity (75.6%) and specificity (80.0%). Acute-phase plasma PEDF levels of ≥12.6 µg/mL were an independent and possibly better predictor of poor outcome than previously reported clinical variables. Acute-phase plasma PEDF levels may serve as the first biomarker to predict 3-month outcomes and to select elderly SAH patients who should be actively treated.
Keywords: elderly patient; pigment epithelium-derived factor; prognostic factor; subarachnoid hemorrhage elderly patient; pigment epithelium-derived factor; prognostic factor; subarachnoid hemorrhage

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MDPI and ACS Style

Nampei, M.; Suzuki, Y.; Nakajima, H.; Oinaka, H.; Kawakita, F.; Suzuki, H.; pSEED Group. Acute-Phase Plasma Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Predicting Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Elderly. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 1701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031701

AMA Style

Nampei M, Suzuki Y, Nakajima H, Oinaka H, Kawakita F, Suzuki H, pSEED Group. Acute-Phase Plasma Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Predicting Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Elderly. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(3):1701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031701

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nampei, Mai, Yume Suzuki, Hideki Nakajima, Hiroki Oinaka, Fumihiro Kawakita, Hidenori Suzuki, and pSEED Group. 2024. "Acute-Phase Plasma Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Predicting Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Elderly" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 3: 1701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031701

APA Style

Nampei, M., Suzuki, Y., Nakajima, H., Oinaka, H., Kawakita, F., Suzuki, H., & pSEED Group. (2024). Acute-Phase Plasma Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Predicting Outcomes after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in the Elderly. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(3), 1701. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25031701

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