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Article

Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) IgNAR

by
Wenjie Tang
1,2,†,
Kaixi Zheng
1,2,†,
Shengjie Sun
1,
Bo Zhong
1,2,
Zhan Luo
2,
Junjie Yang
2,
Lei Jia
2,
Lan Yang
2,
Wenna Shang
2,
Xiaofeng Jiang
2,
Zhengbing Lyu
2,3,
Jianqing Chen
2,3 and
Guodong Chen
1,*
1
School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410031, China
2
College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Silkworm Bioreactor and Biomedicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
3
Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Shaoxing Academy of Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312369, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(23), 12879; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312879
Submission received: 24 September 2024 / Revised: 11 November 2024 / Accepted: 13 November 2024 / Published: 29 November 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Genetics and Genomics)
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Abstract

The variable domain of IgNAR shows great potential in biological medicine and therapy. IgNAR has been discovered in sharks and rays, with the nurse shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) IgNARs being the most extensively studied among sharks. Despite being identified in nurse sharks over 30 years ago, the characteristics and genomic localization of IgNAR remain poorly defined, with significant gaps even in the latest released genome data. In our research, we localized the IgNAR loci in the nurse shark genome and resolved the previously missing regions. We identified three IgNAR loci, designated GcIgNAR1, GcIgNAR2, and GcIgNAR3, with only GcIgNAR1 and GcIgNAR2 being expressed. GcIgNAR1 and GcIgNAR2 belong to type I and type II IgNARs, respectively, and each exhibits several different isoforms. Most nurse shark IgNARs possess five constant domains. However, we found transcripts of GcIgNAR1 and GcIgNAR2 lacking two constant domains, C4 and C5, which differ from the IgNAR of the whitespotted bamboo shark. The protein structures of GcIgNAR1 and GcIgNAR2, generated by AlphaFold3, confirmed the accuracy of the IgNAR loci we identified. Our findings advance scientific understanding of IgNAR in nurse sharks and facilitate future research and medical applications.
Keywords: IgNAR; VNAR; nurse shark; nanobody IgNAR; VNAR; nurse shark; nanobody

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Tang, W.; Zheng, K.; Sun, S.; Zhong, B.; Luo, Z.; Yang, J.; Jia, L.; Yang, L.; Shang, W.; Jiang, X.; et al. Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) IgNAR. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312879

AMA Style

Tang W, Zheng K, Sun S, Zhong B, Luo Z, Yang J, Jia L, Yang L, Shang W, Jiang X, et al. Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) IgNAR. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(23):12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312879

Chicago/Turabian Style

Tang, Wenjie, Kaixi Zheng, Shengjie Sun, Bo Zhong, Zhan Luo, Junjie Yang, Lei Jia, Lan Yang, Wenna Shang, Xiaofeng Jiang, and et al. 2024. "Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) IgNAR" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 23: 12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312879

APA Style

Tang, W., Zheng, K., Sun, S., Zhong, B., Luo, Z., Yang, J., Jia, L., Yang, L., Shang, W., Jiang, X., Lyu, Z., Chen, J., & Chen, G. (2024). Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark (Ginglymostoma cirratum) IgNAR. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(23), 12879. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252312879

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