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Article

The Biological Characteristics of Mycobacterium Phage Henu3 and the Fitness Cost Associated with Its Resistant Strains

by
Xinyu Li
1,†,
Junge Xu
1,†,
Yuhan Wang
1,
Salwa E. Gomaa
2,
Huijie Zhao
1,* and
Tieshan Teng
1,*
1
Institute of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
2
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(17), 9301; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179301
Submission received: 31 July 2024 / Revised: 21 August 2024 / Accepted: 26 August 2024 / Published: 27 August 2024
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Microbiology)
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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is an infectious disease that seriously affects human life and health. Despite centuries of efforts to control it, in recent years, the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens of M. tuberculosis due to various factors has exacerbated the disease, posing a serious threat to global health. Therefore, a new method to control M. tuberculosis is urgently needed. Phages, viruses that specifically infect bacteria, have emerged as potential biocontrol agents for bacterial pathogens due to their host specificity. In this study, a mycobacterium phage, Henu3, was isolated from soil around a hospital. The particle morphology, biological characteristics, genomics and phylogeny of Henu3 were characterized. Additionally, to explore the balance between phage resistance and stress response, phage Henu3-resistant strains 0G10 and 2E1 were screened by sequence passage and bidirectional validation methods, which significantly improved the sensitivity of phage to antibiotics (cefotaxime and kanamycin). By whole-genome re-sequencing of strains 0G10 and 2E1, 12 genes involved in cell-wall synthesis, transporter-encoded genes, two-component regulatory proteins and transcriptional regulatory factor-encoded genes were found to have mutations. These results suggest that phage Henu3 has the potential to control M. tuberculosis pathogens, and phage Henu3 has the potential to be a new potential solution for the treatment of M. tuberculosis infection.
Keywords: bacteriophage; Mycobacterium smegmatis; phage therapy; phage-resistant strain bacteriophage; Mycobacterium smegmatis; phage therapy; phage-resistant strain

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MDPI and ACS Style

Li, X.; Xu, J.; Wang, Y.; Gomaa, S.E.; Zhao, H.; Teng, T. The Biological Characteristics of Mycobacterium Phage Henu3 and the Fitness Cost Associated with Its Resistant Strains. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 9301. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179301

AMA Style

Li X, Xu J, Wang Y, Gomaa SE, Zhao H, Teng T. The Biological Characteristics of Mycobacterium Phage Henu3 and the Fitness Cost Associated with Its Resistant Strains. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(17):9301. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179301

Chicago/Turabian Style

Li, Xinyu, Junge Xu, Yuhan Wang, Salwa E. Gomaa, Huijie Zhao, and Tieshan Teng. 2024. "The Biological Characteristics of Mycobacterium Phage Henu3 and the Fitness Cost Associated with Its Resistant Strains" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 17: 9301. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179301

APA Style

Li, X., Xu, J., Wang, Y., Gomaa, S. E., Zhao, H., & Teng, T. (2024). The Biological Characteristics of Mycobacterium Phage Henu3 and the Fitness Cost Associated with Its Resistant Strains. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(17), 9301. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25179301

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