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Article

Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers for Pain–Depression Comorbidity Based on Bioinformatics

1
Postdoctoral Research Station in Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
2
The Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, Ministry of Education, Center for Brain Science and Disease, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
3
Laboratory of Neurobiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
4
Core Facilities and Centers, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
5
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medica University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(15), 8353; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158353
Submission received: 10 July 2024 / Revised: 23 July 2024 / Accepted: 29 July 2024 / Published: 30 July 2024

Abstract

Oxidative stress has been identified as a major factor in the development and progression of pain and psychiatric disorders, but the underlying biomarkers and molecular signaling pathways remain unclear. This study aims to identify oxidative stress-related biomarkers and signaling pathways in pain–depression comorbidity. Integrated bioinformatics analyses were applied to identify key genes by comparing pain–depression comorbidity-related genes and oxidative stress-related genes. A total of 580 differentially expressed genes and 35 differentially expressed oxidative stress-related genes (DEOSGs) were identified. By using a weighted gene co-expression network analysis and a protein–protein interaction network, 43 key genes and 5 hub genes were screened out, respectively. DEOSGs were enriched in biological processes and signaling pathways related to oxidative stress and inflammation. The five hub genes, RNF24, MGAM, FOS, and TKT, were deemed potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for patients with pain–depression comorbidity. These genes may serve as valuable targets for further research and may aid in the development of early diagnosis, prevention strategies, and pharmacotherapy tools for this particular patient population.
Keywords: oxidative stress; biomarker; pain; depression; comorbidity; bioinformatics oxidative stress; biomarker; pain; depression; comorbidity; bioinformatics

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, T.; Geng, M.; Li, X.; Gu, Y.; Zhao, W.; Ning, Q.; Zhao, Z.; Wang, L.; Zhang, H.; Zhang, F. Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers for Pain–Depression Comorbidity Based on Bioinformatics. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 8353. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158353

AMA Style

Zhang T, Geng M, Li X, Gu Y, Zhao W, Ning Q, Zhao Z, Wang L, Zhang H, Zhang F. Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers for Pain–Depression Comorbidity Based on Bioinformatics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(15):8353. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158353

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Tianyun, Menglu Geng, Xiaoke Li, Yulin Gu, Wenjing Zhao, Qi Ning, Zijie Zhao, Lei Wang, Huaxing Zhang, and Fan Zhang. 2024. "Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers for Pain–Depression Comorbidity Based on Bioinformatics" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 15: 8353. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158353

APA Style

Zhang, T., Geng, M., Li, X., Gu, Y., Zhao, W., Ning, Q., Zhao, Z., Wang, L., Zhang, H., & Zhang, F. (2024). Identification of Oxidative Stress-Related Biomarkers for Pain–Depression Comorbidity Based on Bioinformatics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(15), 8353. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25158353

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