The Association between Salivary Metabolites and Gingival Bleeding Score in Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Clinical Data of the Study Participants
2.2. Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Cell Counts in Saliva
2.3. Bleeding Score and Salivary Metabolomes Analysis
2.4. Biomarker Evaluation by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve Analysis
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Ethics Statement
4.2. Clinical Assessment of the Study Participants
4.3. Cell Counting in Whole Saliva
4.4. NMR Metabolomics
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MALE (n = 10) | FEMALE (n = 9) | |
---|---|---|
Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | |
Age (years) | 23.7 ± 1.3 | 23.6 ± 2.1 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2 ± 1.4 | 20.9 ± 1.3 |
Salivary flow a (mL/5 min) | 2.3 ± 1.2 | 2.2 ± 1.5 |
% FMPS | 12.8 ± 7.1 | 14.1 ± 7.5 |
% FMBS | 2.6 ± 1.9 | 4.6 ± 3.4 |
DMFT | 1.7 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 1.3 |
PSR | 0.9 ± 0.3 | 1 ± 0.0 |
No. of subjects | No. of subjects | |
Drugs:
| ||
- | 3 b | |
10 | 6 | |
Smoke:
| ||
2 | 3 | |
8 | 6 | |
Alcohol:
| ||
4 | 4 | |
6 | 5 |
Metabolite | AUC § | Optimal Cutoff * | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Pyroglutamate | 0.99 | −0.66 | 0.0025 |
Maltose | 0.90 | −0.45 | 0.0749 |
Histidine | 0.88 | −0.24 | 0.0229 |
Fucose | 0.88 | −0.14 | 0.0184 |
Phenylalanine | 0.83 | −0.23 | 0.0156 |
3-Phenylpropionate | 0.82 | 0.30 | 0.0114 |
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Antonelli, R.; Ferrari, E.; Gallo, M.; Ciociola, T.; Calciolari, E.; Spisni, A.; Meleti, M.; Pertinhez, T.A. The Association between Salivary Metabolites and Gingival Bleeding Score in Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105448
Antonelli R, Ferrari E, Gallo M, Ciociola T, Calciolari E, Spisni A, Meleti M, Pertinhez TA. The Association between Salivary Metabolites and Gingival Bleeding Score in Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(10):5448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105448
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonelli, Rita, Elena Ferrari, Mariana Gallo, Tecla Ciociola, Elena Calciolari, Alberto Spisni, Marco Meleti, and Thelma A. Pertinhez. 2024. "The Association between Salivary Metabolites and Gingival Bleeding Score in Healthy Subjects: A Pilot Study" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 10: 5448. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105448