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Article

Preharvest Elicitors as a Tool to Enhance Bioactive Compounds and Quality of Both Peel and Pulp of Yellow Pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus Haw.) at Harvest and during Postharvest Storage

by
Alex Erazo-Lara
1,2,
María Emma García-Pastor
3,
Pedro Antonio Padilla-González
2,
Daniel Valero
2,* and
María Serrano
3,*
1
Escuela Politécnica Superior de Chimborazo (ESPOCH), Sede Morona Santiago, Macas 140101, Ecuador
2
Department of Food Technology, Escuela Politécnica Superiorde Orihuel—Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentario y Agroambiental, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel Km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
3
Department of Applied Biology, Escuela Politécnica Superiorde Orihuel—Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentario y Agroambiental, University Miguel Hernández, Ctra. Beniel Km. 3.2, 03312 Orihuela, Spain
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(10), 5435; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105435
Submission received: 14 April 2024 / Revised: 11 May 2024 / Accepted: 13 May 2024 / Published: 16 May 2024
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Melatonin and γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Applied as Pre- or Post-harvest Treatments Affect Vegetable and Fruit Quality Properties and Antioxidant Systems)
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Abstract

Yellow pitahaya is a tropical fruit that has gained popularity in recent years. Natural elicitors are compounds that can stimulate the resistance and quality of fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of natural elicitors, methyl salicylate (MeSa), methyl jasmonate (JaMe), salicylic acid (SA) and oxalic acid (OA) at concentrations of 0.1 mM (MeSa and JaMe) and 5 mM (SA and OA), applied to the yellow pitahaya fruits under greenhouse conditions. After full blossom, four applications were made with a frequency of 15 days. At the time of harvest and after storage, the following variables were evaluated: firmness (whole fruit), total soluble solids (TSS), total acidity (TA), phenolics and carotenoids (in the pulp), while phenolics, carotenoids, macronutrients and micronutrients were determined in the peel. The results showed MeSa advanced the fruit maturation, according to higher TSS, lower TA and firmness than MeJa-treated fruits, for which a delayed ripening process was shown. All treatments induced a higher polyphenolic concentration during storage. Regarding the alternative use of the peel as a by-product, the application of natural elicitors significantly increased the content of polyphenols, carotenoids, macronutrients and micronutrients in the peel, especially MeSa, which can be used as a bioactive compound in the food industry. In conclusion, the results indicate that natural elicitors can be an alternative to improve the quality and shelf life of yellow pitahaya fruits.
Keywords: methyl salicylate; salicylic acid; methyl jasmonate; oxalic acid; bioactive compounds; phenolics; carotenoids methyl salicylate; salicylic acid; methyl jasmonate; oxalic acid; bioactive compounds; phenolics; carotenoids

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MDPI and ACS Style

Erazo-Lara, A.; García-Pastor, M.E.; Padilla-González, P.A.; Valero, D.; Serrano, M. Preharvest Elicitors as a Tool to Enhance Bioactive Compounds and Quality of Both Peel and Pulp of Yellow Pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus Haw.) at Harvest and during Postharvest Storage. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 5435. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105435

AMA Style

Erazo-Lara A, García-Pastor ME, Padilla-González PA, Valero D, Serrano M. Preharvest Elicitors as a Tool to Enhance Bioactive Compounds and Quality of Both Peel and Pulp of Yellow Pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus Haw.) at Harvest and during Postharvest Storage. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2024; 25(10):5435. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105435

Chicago/Turabian Style

Erazo-Lara, Alex, María Emma García-Pastor, Pedro Antonio Padilla-González, Daniel Valero, and María Serrano. 2024. "Preharvest Elicitors as a Tool to Enhance Bioactive Compounds and Quality of Both Peel and Pulp of Yellow Pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus Haw.) at Harvest and during Postharvest Storage" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 10: 5435. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105435

APA Style

Erazo-Lara, A., García-Pastor, M. E., Padilla-González, P. A., Valero, D., & Serrano, M. (2024). Preharvest Elicitors as a Tool to Enhance Bioactive Compounds and Quality of Both Peel and Pulp of Yellow Pitahaya (Selenicereus megalanthus Haw.) at Harvest and during Postharvest Storage. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(10), 5435. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25105435

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