Effects of Oxidative Stress on the Autophagy and Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells in Broody Geese
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphological and Histological Characteristics of Follicles during Broodiness in Geese
2.2. Ovarian Antioxidant Capacity of Broody Geese
2.3. Both Apoptosis and Autophagy Promote GC Death during Broodiness in Geese
2.4. Oxidative Stress Causes Apoptosis and Autophagy in Goose GCs
2.5. Autophagy Exacerbates Oxidative Stress-Induced Apoptosis in Goose Follicle GCs
2.6. VE Protects GCs from H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress
2.7. VE Alleviates Apoptotic and Autophagic Activities of H2O2-Treated GCs
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate
4.2. Chemicals
4.3. Animals and Sample Collection
4.4. Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) Staining
4.5. Cell Culture and Reagents
4.6. Immunofluorescence
4.7. Establishment of the Oxidative Stress Model and Antioxidant Treatment
4.8. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)
4.9. RNA Isolation and Quantitative Real-Time PCR
4.10. Transmission Electron Microscopy
4.11. Immunohistochemistry
4.12. Cell Proliferation Assay
4.13. Measurement of the Intracellular ROS Levels
4.14. MDC Staining for Autophagic Vacuoles
4.15. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Hou, L.; Gu, T.; Weng, K.; Zhang, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, G.; Xu, Q. Effects of Oxidative Stress on the Autophagy and Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells in Broody Geese. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 2154. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032154
Hou L, Gu T, Weng K, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen G, Xu Q. Effects of Oxidative Stress on the Autophagy and Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells in Broody Geese. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(3):2154. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032154
Chicago/Turabian StyleHou, Li’E, Tiantian Gu, Kaiqi Weng, Yu Zhang, Yang Zhang, Guohong Chen, and Qi Xu. 2023. "Effects of Oxidative Stress on the Autophagy and Apoptosis of Granulosa Cells in Broody Geese" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 3: 2154. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24032154