Deficiency of Caspase-1 Attenuates HIV-1-Associated Atherogenesis in Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Global Caspase-1 Knockout Decreases Plaque Size Only in the Thoracic Region of the Aorta in Tg26+/−/ApoE−/−/Casp-1−/− Mice and Reduces Foam Cell Formation
2.2. Deficiency of Caspase-1 in Immune Cells Attenuates Atherogenesis in HIV Transgenic Mice
2.3. Reduced Caspase-1 Activation Is Associated with Reduced Macrophage Content in the Plaque of Chimeric ApoE−/− Mice Reconstituted with Tg26+/−/ApoE−/−/Casp-1−/− Bone Marrow
2.4. Transcriptomic and Pathway Changes in PBMCs and Spleens of Chimeric ApoE−/− Mice Reconstituted with Caspase-1-Deficient (Tg26+/−/ApoE−/−/Casp-1−/−) vs. Caspase-1-Sufficient (Tg26+/−/ApoE−/−/Casp-1+/+) Bone Marrow
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Mouse Treatment, Bone Marrow Transplantation, and Atherosclerotic Plaque Analyses
4.2. Serum Lipid Analysis
4.3. Atherosclerotic Plaque Analysis in Aorta
4.4. Histological Analysis of Plaque Progression in Aortic Sinus
4.5. Immunohistochemistry
4.6. FAM-FLICA Caspase-1 Staining and Flow Cytometry Analysis
4.7. Foam Cell Formation Assay
4.8. qRT-PCR
4.9. ELISA and Meso Scale Discovery (MSD) Assay
4.10. RNA Extraction, Library Preparation, Sequencing, and Analysis
4.11. Statistics
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Gene | Chromosome Location | Fold Change | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Casp-1 | Chr-9 | −1.36 | 0.002 |
Eps8I1 | Chr-7 | −4.93 | 1.04 × 10−18 |
Slc15a2 | Chr-16 | −5.42 | 3.37 × 10−40 |
Capn11 | Chr-17 | −6.15 | 7.72 × 10−6 |
Gene | Chromosome Location | Fold Change (PBMC) | Fold Change (Spleen) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
GRB2 | Chr-11 | 1.87 | 0.004 | |
Aqp1 | Chr-6 | 2.05 | 0.036 | |
Ppp3cc | Chr-8 | −0.89 | 0.024 | |
CD14 | Chr-18 | −1.50 | 0.004 | |
Myc | Chr-11 | −1.55 | 0.013 | |
Ear1 | Chr-14 | 3.94 | 6.31 × 10−9 |
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Alam, M.A.; Caocci, M.; Ren, M.; Chen, Z.; Liu, F.; Khatun, M.S.; Kolls, J.K.; Qin, X.; Burdo, T.H. Deficiency of Caspase-1 Attenuates HIV-1-Associated Atherogenesis in Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 12871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612871
Alam MA, Caocci M, Ren M, Chen Z, Liu F, Khatun MS, Kolls JK, Qin X, Burdo TH. Deficiency of Caspase-1 Attenuates HIV-1-Associated Atherogenesis in Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(16):12871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612871
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlam, Mohammad Afaque, Maurizio Caocci, Mi Ren, Zheng Chen, Fengming Liu, Mst Shamima Khatun, Jay K. Kolls, Xuebin Qin, and Tricia H. Burdo. 2023. "Deficiency of Caspase-1 Attenuates HIV-1-Associated Atherogenesis in Mice" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 16: 12871. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612871