Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Historical Perspectives
2.1. Dyslipidemia and Hyperglycemia
2.2. Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes
2.2.1. Role of Inflammation in Diabetic Retinopathy
2.2.2. Inflammatory Pathways in the Neurovascular Cells of Diabetic Retinopathy
2.3. Nutritional Consequences of Hyperglycemia
3. Future Perspectives for Treatment of Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy
3.1. Therapeutic Options of Anti-Inflammation for Diabetic Retinopathy
3.2. Anti-Inflammatory Therapies for Diabetic Macular Edema
3.3. Anti-Hyperlipidemic Therapies for Diabetic Retinopathy
3.4. Pyroptosis; A New Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Bikbova, G.; Oshitari, T.; Bikbov, M. Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9166. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119166
Bikbova G, Oshitari T, Bikbov M. Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2023; 24(11):9166. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119166
Chicago/Turabian StyleBikbova, Guzel, Toshiyuki Oshitari, and Mukharram Bikbov. 2023. "Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 11: 9166. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119166