Aggregated Alpha-Synuclein Inclusions within the Nucleus Predict Impending Neuronal Cell Death in a Mouse Model of Parkinsonism
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Neuronal Nuclear Inclusions Develop in Mouse Models
2.2. Nuclear Inclusions Composed of Transgenic Syn-GFP Can Occur in Cells That Do Not Express Syn-GFP
2.3. Neuronal Nuclear Inclusions Bear the Hallmarks of Genuine Lewy Pathology
2.4. Neuronal Nuclear Inclusions Are Not Composed of Actin
2.5. The Presence of Certain Neuronal Nuclear Inclusions Can Predict Imminent Cell Death
2.6. Human Multiple System Atrophy Neurons and Glia Contain Nuclear Inclusions
3. Discussion
4. Methods and Materials
4.1. Animals
4.2. Lewy Pathology Formation
4.3. Mouse Tissue Immunohistochemistry
4.4. Mouse Tissue Electron Microscopy
4.5. In vivo Multiphoton Imaging
4.6. Humans
4.7. Human Tissue Immunohistochemistry
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MSA | Age | Sex | GCI | NCI | NNI | GNI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case 1 | 69 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Case 2 | 70 | f | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Case 3 | 68 | f | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Case 4 | 73 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Case 5 | 64 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Case 6 | 65 | f | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Case 7 | 75 | f | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
Case 8 | 68 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 9 | 72 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
Case 10 | 72 | f | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
LBD | Age | Sex | GCI | NCI | NNI | GNI |
Case 1 | 40 | f | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 2 | 99 | f | ✓ | |||
Case 3 | 76 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 4 | 81 | m | ✓ | |||
Case 5 | 73 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 6 | 102 | f | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 7 | 71 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 8 | 74 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 9 | 73 | m | ✓ | ✓ | ||
Case 10 | 74 | m | ✓ | ✓ |
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Weston, L.J.; Bowman, A.M.; Osterberg, V.R.; Meshul, C.K.; Woltjer, R.L.; Unni, V.K. Aggregated Alpha-Synuclein Inclusions within the Nucleus Predict Impending Neuronal Cell Death in a Mouse Model of Parkinsonism. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 15294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315294
Weston LJ, Bowman AM, Osterberg VR, Meshul CK, Woltjer RL, Unni VK. Aggregated Alpha-Synuclein Inclusions within the Nucleus Predict Impending Neuronal Cell Death in a Mouse Model of Parkinsonism. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):15294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315294
Chicago/Turabian StyleWeston, Leah J., Anna M. Bowman, Valerie R. Osterberg, Charles K. Meshul, Randall L. Woltjer, and Vivek K. Unni. 2022. "Aggregated Alpha-Synuclein Inclusions within the Nucleus Predict Impending Neuronal Cell Death in a Mouse Model of Parkinsonism" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 15294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232315294