Combined Administration of Pravastatin and Metformin Attenuates Acute Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mouse and Minipig Models
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Effects of Combined PS and MF Treatment on Survival Rate and Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in the Mouse Model
2.2. Effect of Combined PS and MF Treatment on Epithelial Barrier Damage and Inflammatory Response in Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury
2.3. Effect of Combined PS and MF Treatment on Epithelial Cell Proliferation in Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury
2.4. Effect of Combined PS and MF Treatment on Radiation-Induced Damage in a Minipig Model: Gross Morphology of Abdominal Organs
2.5. Effect of Combined PS and MF Treatment on Histological Damage of the Intestine in the Irradiated Minipig Model
2.6. Effect of Combined PS and MF Treatment on Inflammatory Response and Epithelial Integrity in Irradiated Minipig Model
3. Discussion
4. Material and Methods
4.1. Animal
4.1.1. Mice
4.1.2. Minipigs
4.2. Irradiation and Treatment
4.2.1. Irradiation and Treatment in Mice
4.2.2. Irradiation and Treatment in Minipigs
4.3. Histological Analysis of the Intestinal Tissue
4.4. RNA Extraction, Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), and Real-Time PCR Quantification
4.5. Statistical Analysis
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Primer | Forward (5′–3′) | Reverse (5′–3′) |
---|---|---|---|
Mouse | Cldn3 | AAGCCGAATGGACAAAGAA | CTGGCAAGTAGCTGCAGTG |
Villin | CACCTTTGGAAGCTTCTTCG | CTCTCGTTGCCTTGAACCTC | |
Il-1β | GCAACTGTTCCTGAACTCA | CTCGGAGCCTGTAGTGCAG | |
Mcp-1 | GCAGTTAACGCCCCACTCA | CCCAGCCTACTCATTGGGATCA | |
Olfm4 | GCTGGAAGTGAAGGAGATGC | ACAGAAGGAGCGCTGATGTT | |
Lgr5 | TCAGTCAGCTGCTCCCGAAT | CGTTTCCCGCAAGACGTAAC | |
Gapdh | AAGATGGTGATGGGCTTCCCG | TGGCAAAGTGGAGATTGTTGCC | |
Minipig | IL-6 | TTCAGTCCAGTCGCCTTCT | GTGGCATCACCTTTGGCATCTTCTT |
IL-1b | ACCTGGACCTTGGTTCTC | GGATTCTTCATCGGCTTC | |
MMP-9 | AAGACGCAGAAGGTGGATTC | AACTCACACGCCAGAAGAAG | |
MCP-1 | TCTCCAGTCACCTGCTGCTA | AGGCTTCGGAGTTTGGTTTT | |
CLDN3 | GCCAAGATCCTCTACTCCGC | GAGAGCTGCCTAGCATCTGG | |
ZO1 | GAGGATGGTCACACCGTGGT | GGAGGATGCTGTTGTCTCGG | |
E-cadherin | AAATGCTAGCTGGTGGGGAC | GCCTCCCATTGCTAACACCT | |
DSG2 | TCTTCCAGGCAGGGTCAAAC | CCAGGATCACAGTGCTTGGT | |
GAPDH | GAAGGTCGGAGTGAACGGAT | CATGGGTAGAATCATACTGGAACA |
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Kim, J.M.; Kim, H.; Oh, S.H.; Jang, W.I.; Lee, S.B.; Park, M.; Kim, S.; Park, S.; Shim, S.; Jang, H. Combined Administration of Pravastatin and Metformin Attenuates Acute Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mouse and Minipig Models. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 14827. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314827
Kim JM, Kim H, Oh SH, Jang WI, Lee SB, Park M, Kim S, Park S, Shim S, Jang H. Combined Administration of Pravastatin and Metformin Attenuates Acute Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mouse and Minipig Models. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(23):14827. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314827
Chicago/Turabian StyleKim, Jung Moon, Hyewon Kim, Su Hyun Oh, Won Il Jang, Seung Bum Lee, Mineon Park, Soyeon Kim, Sunhoo Park, Sehwan Shim, and Hyosun Jang. 2022. "Combined Administration of Pravastatin and Metformin Attenuates Acute Radiation-Induced Intestinal Injury in Mouse and Minipig Models" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23: 14827. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314827