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Article

Potential of the Stromal Matricellular Protein Periostin as a Biomarker to Improve Risk Assessment in Prostate Cancer

by
Valentina Doldi
1,
Mara Lecchi
2,
Silva Ljevar
3,
Maurizio Colecchia
4,
Elisa Campi
4,
Giovanni Centonze
4,
Cristina Marenghi
5,
Tiziana Rancati
5,
Rosalba Miceli
3,
Paolo Verderio
2,
Riccardo Valdagni
5,6,7,
Paolo Gandellini
8,*,† and
Nadia Zaffaroni
1,†
1
Molecular Pharmacology Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
2
Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Unit, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCSS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
3
Clinical Epidemiology and Trial Organization, Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
4
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
5
Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
6
Division of Radiation Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
7
Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
8
Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23(14), 7987; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147987
Submission received: 7 June 2022 / Revised: 14 July 2022 / Accepted: 18 July 2022 / Published: 20 July 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prostate Cancer: Stroma Implication in Progression, Diagnosis and Prognosis)
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Abstract

Prostate cancer (PCa) ranges from indolent to aggressive tumors that may rapidly progress and metastasize. The switch to aggressive PCa is fostered by reactive stroma infiltrating tumor foci. Therefore, reactive stroma-based biomarkers may potentially improve the early detection of aggressive PCa, ameliorating disease classification. Gene expression profiles of PCa reactive fibroblasts highlighted the up-regulation of genes related to stroma deposition, including periostin and sparc. Here, the potential of periostin as a stromal biomarker has been investigated on PCa prostatectomies by immunohistochemistry. Moreover, circulating levels of periostin and sparc have been assessed in a low-risk PCa patient cohort enrolled in active surveillance (AS) by ELISA. We found that periostin is mainly expressed in the peritumoral stroma of prostatectomies, and its stromal expression correlates with PCa grade and aggressive disease features, such as the cribriform growth. Moreover, stromal periostin staining is associated with a shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival of PCa patients. Interestingly, the integration of periostin and sparc circulating levels into a model based on standard clinico-pathological variables improves its performance in predicting disease reclassification of AS patients. In this study, we provide the first evidence that circulating molecular biomarkers of PCa stroma may refine risk assessment and predict the reclassification of AS patients.
Keywords: prostate cancer; circulating biomarkers; periostin; sparc; active surveillance prostate cancer; circulating biomarkers; periostin; sparc; active surveillance

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MDPI and ACS Style

Doldi, V.; Lecchi, M.; Ljevar, S.; Colecchia, M.; Campi, E.; Centonze, G.; Marenghi, C.; Rancati, T.; Miceli, R.; Verderio, P.; et al. Potential of the Stromal Matricellular Protein Periostin as a Biomarker to Improve Risk Assessment in Prostate Cancer. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 7987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147987

AMA Style

Doldi V, Lecchi M, Ljevar S, Colecchia M, Campi E, Centonze G, Marenghi C, Rancati T, Miceli R, Verderio P, et al. Potential of the Stromal Matricellular Protein Periostin as a Biomarker to Improve Risk Assessment in Prostate Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(14):7987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147987

Chicago/Turabian Style

Doldi, Valentina, Mara Lecchi, Silva Ljevar, Maurizio Colecchia, Elisa Campi, Giovanni Centonze, Cristina Marenghi, Tiziana Rancati, Rosalba Miceli, Paolo Verderio, and et al. 2022. "Potential of the Stromal Matricellular Protein Periostin as a Biomarker to Improve Risk Assessment in Prostate Cancer" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 14: 7987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147987

APA Style

Doldi, V., Lecchi, M., Ljevar, S., Colecchia, M., Campi, E., Centonze, G., Marenghi, C., Rancati, T., Miceli, R., Verderio, P., Valdagni, R., Gandellini, P., & Zaffaroni, N. (2022). Potential of the Stromal Matricellular Protein Periostin as a Biomarker to Improve Risk Assessment in Prostate Cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(14), 7987. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23147987

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