Metabolic Therapy of Heart Failure: Is There a Future for B Vitamins?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Heart: An Oxidative Tissue
3. Energy Metabolism in Healthy Heart
3.1. Fatty Acid
3.2. Carbohydrates
3.3. Ketone Bodies
3.4. Branched-Chain Amino Acids
4. Energy Metabolism and B Vitamins
4.1. Vitamin B1
4.2. Vitamin B2
4.3. Vitamin B3
4.4. Vitamin B5
4.5. Vitamin B6
4.6. Vitamin B7/8
4.7. Vitamin B9/11
4.8. Vitamin B12
5. Alterations of Energy Metabolism in Heart Failure
6. B Vitamins in Heart Failure
6.1. Vitamin B1
6.2. Vitamin B2
6.3. Vitamin B3
6.4. Vitamin B5
6.5. Vitamin B7/8
6.6. Vitamin B6, Vitamin B9 and Vitamin B12
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Vitamin | Specie | Effects | Studies |
---|---|---|---|
B1 | Mice | Positive effects on cardiac function: | |
- myocardial infarction | [158] | ||
- diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction | [161] | ||
Rat | Positive effects on cardiac function: | ||
- ischemic injury | [157] | ||
- myocardial infarction | [159] | ||
- doxorubicin cardiotoxicity | [160] | ||
- diabetes-induced cardiac dysfunction | [163] | ||
Human | Supplementation (100 to 300 mg/day) in HF patients: | ||
- increase in left ventricular ejection fraction | [153,164,165] | ||
- better functional capacity (NYHA class) | [153] | ||
- no change in walking time | [165] | ||
- no benefit on cardiac function (FE) | [15,167] | ||
- no improvement in the quality of life | [15,166,167,168] | ||
B2 | Mice | Supplementation with riboflavin: reduction of myocardial ischemic injury | [172] |
Rat | FAD treatment decreases cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in SHR rats | [174] | |
Supplementation with riboflavin: protect heart function (type1 diabetes) | [175] | ||
Human | Supplementation with a cocktail of vitamins and minerals, including riboflavin: improvement of ventricular function | [171] | |
B3 | Mice | Supplementation with NMN | |
- preserves of cardiac mitochondrial function in complex-I deficient mice exhibiting accelerated HF in response to chronic stress | [176] | ||
- delays the development of HF in mice with mitochondrial dysfunction | [177] | ||
Supplementation with NR | |||
- preserves cardiac function in Srf mutation induced-DCM | [179] | ||
- preserves cardiac function in Lmna mutation induced-DCM | [180] | ||
- improves cardiac mitochondrial function and ameliorates HFpEF phenotype | [183] | ||
Supplementation with nicotinamide improves diastolic dysfunction induced by aging | [182] | ||
Exogenous NAD blocks cardiac hypertrophy response | [235] | ||
B5 | Rat | Supplementation with nicotinamide improves diastolic dysfunction induced by hypertension or cardiometabolic syndrome | [182] |
Human | oral NR administration: improvement of PBMC respiration and reduced proinflammatory cytokine gene expression in patients with HF | [190] | |
Rat | Treatment with dexpanthenol, a vitamin B5 precursor: | ||
- protection of the heart during sepsis | [192] | ||
- protection heart from isoproterenol-induced damage | [193] | ||
- beneficial effects on endothelial function (type 1 diabetes) | [194] | ||
B6/B9/B12 | Mice | Folate supplementation protects cardiac function: | |
- myocardial infarction | [223] | ||
- doxorubicin cardiotoxicity | [224] | ||
- high-fat diet-induced obesity | [226] | ||
Supplementation with folate and cobalamin: Preservation of left ventricular ejection fraction (pressure overload induced-HF) | [232] | ||
Rat | Folate supplementation protects cardiac function: celecoxib cardiotoxicity | [225] | |
Folate supplementation protects diastolic function and prevents fibrosis: monocrotaline-induced hypertrophy | [228,229] | ||
Supplementation with folate and cobalamin: reduction of cardiac damage (isoproterenol-induced infarction) | [231] | ||
Human | Supplementation with B6/B9/B12: decrease in risk of stroke and myocardial infarction in patients older than 69 | [220] | |
Supplementation with folate: | |||
- decrease in risk of stroke | [221,222] | ||
- decrease in risk of CVD in patients without preexisting CVD | [222] | ||
Pyridoxine: improvement of endothelial function (cardiac transplant recipients) | [233] | ||
Folate: improvement of endothelial function (HF patients) | [234] |
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Piquereau, J.; Boitard, S.E.; Ventura-Clapier, R.; Mericskay, M. Metabolic Therapy of Heart Failure: Is There a Future for B Vitamins? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010030
Piquereau J, Boitard SE, Ventura-Clapier R, Mericskay M. Metabolic Therapy of Heart Failure: Is There a Future for B Vitamins? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(1):30. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010030
Chicago/Turabian StylePiquereau, Jérôme, Solène E. Boitard, Renée Ventura-Clapier, and Mathias Mericskay. 2022. "Metabolic Therapy of Heart Failure: Is There a Future for B Vitamins?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 1: 30. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23010030