Gut Susceptibility to Viral Invasion: Contributing Roles of Diet, Microbiota and Enteric Nervous System to Mucosal Barrier Preservation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. What Types of Viruses Are Found in the Gut?
Family | Genus | Clinical Manifestation | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Adenoviridae | Mastadenovirus C, F and others | Gastroenteritis | [7] |
Anelloviridae | Anellovirus | Enteritis a | [8] |
Astroviridae | Astrovirus | Gastroenteritis, meningitis, encephalitis | [9] |
Caliciviridae | Norovirus | Gastroenteritis a | [10] |
Sapovirus | Gastroenteritis a | [11] | |
Circoviridae | Circovirus | Unclear | [12] |
Cyclovirus | Unclear | [12] | |
Coronaviridae | Torovirus | Gastroenteritis a,b | [13] |
Parvoviridae | Bocavirus | Gastroenteritis b | [14] |
Bufavirus | Unclear | [15] | |
Picobirnaviridae | Picobirnavirus | Gastroenteritis a | [16] |
Picornaviridae | Enteroviruses including Poliovirus and Echovirus | Enteritis, neurologic syndrome | [17] |
Parechovirus | Gastroenteritis, respiratory infection, sepsis-like illness, CNS infection | [18] | |
Cardiovirus | Gastroenteritis, respiratory infection, myocarditis | [19] | |
Salivirus | Gastroenteritis | [20] | |
Polyomaviridae | Polyomavirus | Unclear | [21] |
Reoviridae | Rotavirus | Gastroenteritis | [22] |
3. The Enteric Virus Road
4. General Effects of Enteric Viruses in Gut Health
5. Mucosal Barrier Changes under Viral Infection
6. Interactions between Gut Bacteria and Potentially Pathogenic Viruses
7. Malnutrition and Gut Viral Infections
8. Enteric Neurons and Mucosal Barrier under Viral Attack
9. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Julio-Pieper, M.; López-Aguilera, A.; Eyzaguirre-Velásquez, J.; Olavarría-Ramírez, L.; Ibacache-Quiroga, C.; Bravo, J.A.; Cruz, G. Gut Susceptibility to Viral Invasion: Contributing Roles of Diet, Microbiota and Enteric Nervous System to Mucosal Barrier Preservation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 4734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094734
Julio-Pieper M, López-Aguilera A, Eyzaguirre-Velásquez J, Olavarría-Ramírez L, Ibacache-Quiroga C, Bravo JA, Cruz G. Gut Susceptibility to Viral Invasion: Contributing Roles of Diet, Microbiota and Enteric Nervous System to Mucosal Barrier Preservation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(9):4734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094734
Chicago/Turabian StyleJulio-Pieper, Marcela, Alejandra López-Aguilera, Johana Eyzaguirre-Velásquez, Loreto Olavarría-Ramírez, Claudia Ibacache-Quiroga, Javier A. Bravo, and Gonzalo Cruz. 2021. "Gut Susceptibility to Viral Invasion: Contributing Roles of Diet, Microbiota and Enteric Nervous System to Mucosal Barrier Preservation" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 9: 4734. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094734