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Volume 22
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Article

Exosomal Aβ-Binding Proteins Identified by “In Silico” Analysis Represent Putative Blood-Derived Biomarker Candidates for Alzheimer´s Disease

by
Tânia Soares Martins
1,
Rui Marçalo
1,
Maria Ferreira
1,
Margarida Vaz
1,
Raquel M. Silva
2,
Ilka Martins Rosa
1,
Jonathan Vogelgsang
3,4,
Jens Wiltfang
1,3,5,
Odete A. B. da Cruz e Silva
1 and
Ana Gabriela Henriques
1,*
1
Neurosciences and Signalling Group, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), University of Aveiro (UA), 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
2
Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Estrada da Circunvalação, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
3
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Goettingen (UMG), Georg-August University, Von-Siebold-Str. 5, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
4
Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
5
German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Von-Siebold-Str. 3a, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(8), 3933; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083933
Submission received: 22 March 2021 / Accepted: 7 April 2021 / Published: 11 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Peripheral Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Diseases 2.0)
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Abstract

The potential of exosomes as biomarker resources for diagnostics and even for therapeutics has intensified research in the field, including in the context of Alzheimer´s disease (AD). The search for disease biomarkers in peripheral biofluids is advancing mainly due to the easy access it offers. In the study presented here, emphasis was given to the bioinformatic identification of putative exosomal candidates for AD. The exosomal proteomes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), serum and plasma, were obtained from three databases (ExoCarta, EVpedia and Vesiclepedia), and complemented with additional exosomal proteins already associated with AD but not found in the databases. The final biofluids’ proteomes were submitted to gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis and the exosomal Aβ-binding proteins that can constitute putative candidates were identified. Among these candidates, gelsolin, a protein known to be involved in inhibiting Abeta fibril formation, was identified, and it was tested in human samples. The levels of this Aβ-binding protein, with anti-amyloidogenic properties, were assessed in serum-derived exosomes isolated from controls and individuals with dementia, including AD cases, and revealed altered expression patterns. Identification of potential peripheral biomarker candidates for AD may be useful, not only for early disease diagnosis but also in drug trials and to monitor disease progression, allowing for a timely therapeutic intervention, which will positively impact the patient’s quality of life.
Keywords: exosomes; Alzheimer’s disease; Abeta binding proteins; diagnosis; biomarker exosomes; Alzheimer’s disease; Abeta binding proteins; diagnosis; biomarker

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Soares Martins, T.; Marçalo, R.; Ferreira, M.; Vaz, M.; Silva, R.M.; Martins Rosa, I.; Vogelgsang, J.; Wiltfang, J.; da Cruz e Silva, O.A.B.; Henriques, A.G. Exosomal Aβ-Binding Proteins Identified by “In Silico” Analysis Represent Putative Blood-Derived Biomarker Candidates for Alzheimer´s Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 3933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083933

AMA Style

Soares Martins T, Marçalo R, Ferreira M, Vaz M, Silva RM, Martins Rosa I, Vogelgsang J, Wiltfang J, da Cruz e Silva OAB, Henriques AG. Exosomal Aβ-Binding Proteins Identified by “In Silico” Analysis Represent Putative Blood-Derived Biomarker Candidates for Alzheimer´s Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(8):3933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083933

Chicago/Turabian Style

Soares Martins, Tânia, Rui Marçalo, Maria Ferreira, Margarida Vaz, Raquel M. Silva, Ilka Martins Rosa, Jonathan Vogelgsang, Jens Wiltfang, Odete A. B. da Cruz e Silva, and Ana Gabriela Henriques. 2021. "Exosomal Aβ-Binding Proteins Identified by “In Silico” Analysis Represent Putative Blood-Derived Biomarker Candidates for Alzheimer´s Disease" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 8: 3933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083933

APA Style

Soares Martins, T., Marçalo, R., Ferreira, M., Vaz, M., Silva, R. M., Martins Rosa, I., Vogelgsang, J., Wiltfang, J., da Cruz e Silva, O. A. B., & Henriques, A. G. (2021). Exosomal Aβ-Binding Proteins Identified by “In Silico” Analysis Represent Putative Blood-Derived Biomarker Candidates for Alzheimer´s Disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(8), 3933. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083933

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