The Influence of Prenatal Fumonisin Exposure on Bone Properties, as well as OPG and RANKL Expression and Immunolocalization, in Newborn Offspring Is Sex and Dose Dependent
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Body Weight and Mechanical and Geometric Bone Properties
2.2. Immunostaining
2.3. Western-Blot Protein Expression
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Animals and Experimental Design
4.2. Mechanical Testing
4.3. Immunohistochemistry
4.4. Western Blot
4.5. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Dependent Variable | Sex | FBs [mg/kg b.w.] | p-Value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 60 | 90 | |||
Body weight [g] | M | 10.050 ± 0.438 a | 6.819 ± 0.105 b | 6.839 ± 0.203 b | <0.001 |
Femur length [mm] | 11.546 ± 0.068 a | 10.794 ± 0.245 b | 10.200 ± 0.214 b | <0.001 | |
Cross-sectional area [mm2] | 4.148 ± 0.194 a | 3.935 ± 0.288 a,b | 3.250 ± 0.212 b | 0.034 | |
Ultimate force [N] | 1.693 ± 0.058 a | 1.190 ± 0.096 b | 1.170 ± 0.028 b | <0.001 | |
Stiffness [N/mm] | 5.590 ± 0.409 a | 3.050 ± 0.163 b | 3.060 ± 0.127 b | <0.001 | |
Collagentrabecular [%] | 13.188 ± 1.782 a,b | 15.948 ± 1.867 a | 8.003 ± 0.434 b | 0.004 | |
Collagencompact [%] | 20.051 ± 2.034 a | 7.589 ± 0.978 b | 17.365 ± 1.528 a | <0.001 | |
Body weight [g] | F | 7.766 ± 0.202 a | 6.747 ± 0.215 a,b | 5.903 ± 0.427 b | 0.001 |
Femur length [mm] | 10.929 ± 0.075 a | 9.870 ± 0.174 b | 9.769 ± 0.173 b | <0.001 | |
Cross-sectional area [mm2] | 3.945 ± 0.219 a | 3.726 ± 0.283 a,b | 3.115 ± 0.142 b | 0.040 | |
Ultimate force [N] | 1.434 ± 0.099 a | 1.104 ± 0.101 b | 1.212 ± 0.082 b | 0.012 | |
Stiffness [N/mm] | 4.508 ± 0.743 | 2.636 ± 0.324 | 3.770 ± 0.405 | 0.065 | |
Collagentrabecular [%] | 14.231 ± 1.144 a,b | 13.634 ± 0.661 a | 18.699 ± 1.967 b | 0.032 | |
Collagencompact [%] | 8.283 ± 0.764 a | 17.041 ± 3.056 b | 18.165 ± 1.782 b | 0.006 |
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Tomaszewska, E.; Rudyk, H.; Świetlicka, I.; Hułas-Stasiak, M.; Donaldson, J.; Arczewska, M.; Muszyński, S.; Dobrowolski, P.; Puzio, I.; Kushnir, V.; et al. The Influence of Prenatal Fumonisin Exposure on Bone Properties, as well as OPG and RANKL Expression and Immunolocalization, in Newborn Offspring Is Sex and Dose Dependent. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 13234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413234
Tomaszewska E, Rudyk H, Świetlicka I, Hułas-Stasiak M, Donaldson J, Arczewska M, Muszyński S, Dobrowolski P, Puzio I, Kushnir V, et al. The Influence of Prenatal Fumonisin Exposure on Bone Properties, as well as OPG and RANKL Expression and Immunolocalization, in Newborn Offspring Is Sex and Dose Dependent. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(24):13234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413234
Chicago/Turabian StyleTomaszewska, Ewa, Halyna Rudyk, Izabela Świetlicka, Monika Hułas-Stasiak, Janine Donaldson, Marta Arczewska, Siemowit Muszyński, Piotr Dobrowolski, Iwona Puzio, Volodymyr Kushnir, and et al. 2021. "The Influence of Prenatal Fumonisin Exposure on Bone Properties, as well as OPG and RANKL Expression and Immunolocalization, in Newborn Offspring Is Sex and Dose Dependent" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 24: 13234. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222413234