Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A New Look at Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Role of Novel Antidiabetic Agents
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Molecular Mechanisms Linking Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer
2.1. Insulin Resistance
2.2. Hyperglycemia
2.3. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation
3. Novel Antidiabetic Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) Therapies and Colorectal Cancer
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Publication | Antidiabetic Therapy | N of Patients | Follow-Up | Results |
---|---|---|---|---|
Schiel et al. (2005) [194] | Insulin | 147 patients with T2DM114 patients with T1DM | 10 years | Increased incidence of colon and rectum cancer. |
Home et al. (2010) [190] ADOPT trial | Metformin Rosiglitazone Glyburide | 1454 patients with T2DM on metformin 1456 patients with T2DM on rosiglitazone 1441 patients with T2DM on glyburide | 4 years | Number of patients who developed CRC in glyburide group was higher than in metformin and rosiglitazone groups. No obvious advantage of metformin or rosiglitazone. |
Home et al. (2010) [190] RECORD trial | Sulfonylurea Metformin Rosiglitazone | 1122 patients with T2DM on sulfonylurea and added metformin 1103 patients with T2DM on sulfonylurea and added rosiglitazone 1105 patients with T2DM on metformin and added sulfonylurea 1117 patients with T2DM on metformin and added rosiglitazone | 5.5 years | Number of patients who developed gastrointestinal cancers was higher in the groups receiving sulfonylurea as background or add-on therapy. |
Nauck et al. (2018) [191] | Liraglutide | 4668 patients with T2DM on liraglutide 4672 patients with T2DM on placebo | 3.8 years | No difference in colon or rectum cancer incidence in liraglutide and placebo group. |
Singh et al. (2016) [192] | Metformin | 115 patients with CRC and T2DM on adjuvant chemotherapy and metformin 152 patients with CRC and T2DM on adjuvant chemotherapy without use of metformin | 6.5 years | No difference in disease-free survival, overall survival and time to recurrence between patients on metformin and without use of metformin. |
Vernieri et al. (2019) [193] | Metformin | 76 patients with CRC and T2DM on adjuvant chemotherapy and metformin 44 patients with CRC and T2DM on adjuvant chemotherapy without use of metformin | 60.4 months | No difference in overall survival and relapse-free survival between patients on metformin and without use of metformin |
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Vekic, J.; Zeljkovic, A.; Stefanovic, A.; Giglio, R.V.; Ciaccio, M.; Rizzo, M. Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A New Look at Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Role of Novel Antidiabetic Agents. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 12409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212409
Vekic J, Zeljkovic A, Stefanovic A, Giglio RV, Ciaccio M, Rizzo M. Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A New Look at Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Role of Novel Antidiabetic Agents. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(22):12409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212409
Chicago/Turabian StyleVekic, Jelena, Aleksandra Zeljkovic, Aleksandra Stefanovic, Rosaria Vincenza Giglio, Marcello Ciaccio, and Manfredi Rizzo. 2021. "Diabetes and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A New Look at Molecular Mechanisms and Potential Role of Novel Antidiabetic Agents" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22: 12409. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212409