An Innovative In Vitro Open-Angle Glaucoma Model (IVOM) Shows Changes Induced by Increased Ocular Pressure and Oxidative Stress

Vernazza, Stefania; Tirendi, Sara; Passalacqua, Mario; Piacente, Francesco; Scarfì, Sonia; Oddone, Francesco; Bassi, Anna Maria

doi:10.3390/ijms222212129

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An Innovative In Vitro Open-Angle Glaucoma Model (IVOM) Shows Changes Induced by Increased Ocular Pressure and Oxidative Stress

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Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy

Inter-University Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching & Research (Centro 3R), 56122 Pisa, Italy

Department of Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences (DISTAV), University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy

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IRCCS-Fondazione Bietti, Via Livenza 3, 00198 Rome, Italy

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Contributed equally.

^‡

Contributed equally.

Academic Editor: Isotta Chimenti

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(22), 12129; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212129

Received: 24 September 2021 / Revised: 26 October 2021 / Accepted: 8 November 2021 / Published: 9 November 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue 3D Cultures for Modelling the Microenvironment: Current Research Trends and Applications)

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Abstract

Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG) is a neurodegenerative disease, and its clinical outcomes lead to visual field constriction and blindness. POAG’s etiology is very complex and its pathogenesis is mainly explained through both mechanical and vascular theories. The trabecular meshwork (TM), the most sensitive tissue of the eye anterior segment to oxidative stress (OS), is the main tissue involved in early-stage POAG, characterized by an increase in pressure. Preclinical assessments of neuroprotective drugs on animal models have not always shown correspondence with human clinical studies. In addition, intra-ocular pressure management after a glaucoma diagnosis does not always prevent blindness. Recently, we have been developing an innovative in vitro 3Dadvanced human trabecular cell model on a millifluidicplatform as a tool to improve glaucoma studies. Herein, we analyze the effects of prolonged increased pressure alone and, in association with OS, on such in vitro platform. Moreover, we verify whethersuch damaged TM triggers apoptosis on neuron-like cells. The preliminary results show that TM cells are less sensitive to pressure elevation than OS, and OS-damaging effects were worsened by the pressure increase. The stressed TM releases harmful signals, which increase apoptosis stimuli on neuron-like cells, suggesting its pivotal role in the glaucoma cascade. View Full-Text

Keywords: 3D model; glaucoma; trabecular meshwork; bioreactor

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MDPI and ACS Style

Vernazza, S.; Tirendi, S.; Passalacqua, M.; Piacente, F.; Scarfì, S.; Oddone, F.; Bassi, A.M. An Innovative In Vitro Open-Angle Glaucoma Model (IVOM) Shows Changes Induced by Increased Ocular Pressure and Oxidative Stress. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 12129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212129

AMA Style

Vernazza S, Tirendi S, Passalacqua M, Piacente F, Scarfì S, Oddone F, Bassi AM. An Innovative In Vitro Open-Angle Glaucoma Model (IVOM) Shows Changes Induced by Increased Ocular Pressure and Oxidative Stress. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(22):12129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212129

Chicago/Turabian Style

Vernazza, Stefania, Sara Tirendi, Mario Passalacqua, Francesco Piacente, Sonia Scarfì, Francesco Oddone, and Anna M. Bassi. 2021. "An Innovative In Vitro Open-Angle Glaucoma Model (IVOM) Shows Changes Induced by Increased Ocular Pressure and Oxidative Stress" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22: 12129. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212129

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An Innovative In Vitro Open-Angle Glaucoma Model (IVOM) Shows Changes Induced by Increased Ocular Pressure and Oxidative Stress

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