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Article

Screening and Molecular Identification of Bacteria from the Midgut of Amphimallon solstitiale Larvae Exhibiting Antagonistic Activity against Bacterial Symbionts of Entomopathogenic Nematodes

by
Marcin Skowronek
1,*,
Ewa Sajnaga
1,
Waldemar Kazimierczak
1,
Magdalena Lis
1 and
Adrian Wiater
2,*
1
Laboratory of Biocontrol, Production and Application of EPN, Centre for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
2
Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(21), 12005; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222112005
Submission received: 30 September 2021 / Revised: 29 October 2021 / Accepted: 2 November 2021 / Published: 5 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host-Pathogen Interaction 3.0)
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Abstract

Entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae and Heterorhabditidae) are a group of organisms capable of infecting larvae of insects living in soil, including representatives of the family Scarabaeidae. Their insecticidal activity is related to the presence of symbiotic bacteria Xenorhabdus spp. or Photorhabdus spp. in the alimentary tract, which are released into the insect body, leading to its death caused by bacterial toxins and septicemia. Although the antibacterial activities of symbionts of entomopathogenic nematodes have been well described, there is insufficient knowledge of the interactions between these bacteria and microorganisms that naturally inhabit the alimentary tract of insects infested by nematodes. In this study, 900 bacterial strains isolated from midgut samples of Amphimallon solstitiale larvae were tested for their antagonistic activity against the selected five Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus species. Cross-streak tests showed significant antibacterial activity of 20 isolates. These bacteria were identified as Bacillus [Brevibacterium] frigoritolerans, Bacillus toyonensis, Bacillus wiedmannii, Chryseobacterium lathyri, Chryseobacterium sp., Citrobacter murliniae, Enterococcus malodoratus, Paenibacillus sp., Serratia marcescens and Serratia sp. Since some representatives of the intestinal microbiota of A. solstitiale are able to inhibit the growth of Xenorhabdus and Photorhrhabdus bacteria in vitro, it can be assumed that this type of bacterial interaction may occur at certain stages of insect infection by Steinernema or Heterorhabditis nematodes.
Keywords: midgut microbiota; bacterial interactions; entomopathogenic nematodes; Xenorhabdus; Photorhabdus; Amphimallon solstitiale midgut microbiota; bacterial interactions; entomopathogenic nematodes; Xenorhabdus; Photorhabdus; Amphimallon solstitiale

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MDPI and ACS Style

Skowronek, M.; Sajnaga, E.; Kazimierczak, W.; Lis, M.; Wiater, A. Screening and Molecular Identification of Bacteria from the Midgut of Amphimallon solstitiale Larvae Exhibiting Antagonistic Activity against Bacterial Symbionts of Entomopathogenic Nematodes. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 12005. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222112005

AMA Style

Skowronek M, Sajnaga E, Kazimierczak W, Lis M, Wiater A. Screening and Molecular Identification of Bacteria from the Midgut of Amphimallon solstitiale Larvae Exhibiting Antagonistic Activity against Bacterial Symbionts of Entomopathogenic Nematodes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(21):12005. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222112005

Chicago/Turabian Style

Skowronek, Marcin, Ewa Sajnaga, Waldemar Kazimierczak, Magdalena Lis, and Adrian Wiater. 2021. "Screening and Molecular Identification of Bacteria from the Midgut of Amphimallon solstitiale Larvae Exhibiting Antagonistic Activity against Bacterial Symbionts of Entomopathogenic Nematodes" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 21: 12005. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222112005

APA Style

Skowronek, M., Sajnaga, E., Kazimierczak, W., Lis, M., & Wiater, A. (2021). Screening and Molecular Identification of Bacteria from the Midgut of Amphimallon solstitiale Larvae Exhibiting Antagonistic Activity against Bacterial Symbionts of Entomopathogenic Nematodes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(21), 12005. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222112005

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