Emerging Roles of Protease-Activated Receptors (PARs) in the Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity
1
Department of Experimental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy
2
Department of Systems Medicine, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”, 00133 Rome, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(2), 869; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020869
Received: 2 January 2021
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Revised: 13 January 2021
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Accepted: 14 January 2021
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Published: 16 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modulation of Neuronal Excitability, Synaptic Transmission, and Plasticity in Health and Disease)
Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a class of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) with a unique mechanism of activation, prompted by a proteolytic cleavage in their N-terminal domain that uncovers a tethered ligand, which binds and stimulates the same receptor. PARs subtypes (PAR1-4) have well-documented roles in coagulation, hemostasis, and inflammation, and have been deeply investigated for their function in cellular survival/degeneration, while their roles in the brain in physiological conditions remain less appreciated. Here, we describe PARs’ effects in the modulation of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. Available evidence, mainly concerning PAR1-mediated and PAR2-mediated regulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic transmission, supports that PARs are important modulators of synaptic efficacy and plasticity in normal conditions.
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Keywords:
protease-activated receptors; serine proteases; matrix metalloproteases; glutamate; GABA; synaptic transmission; synaptic plasticity
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MDPI and ACS Style
Price, R.; Mercuri, N.B.; Ledonne, A. Emerging Roles of Protease-Activated Receptors (PARs) in the Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020869
AMA Style
Price R, Mercuri NB, Ledonne A. Emerging Roles of Protease-Activated Receptors (PARs) in the Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(2):869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020869
Chicago/Turabian StylePrice, Rachel, Nicola B. Mercuri, and Ada Ledonne. 2021. "Emerging Roles of Protease-Activated Receptors (PARs) in the Modulation of Synaptic Transmission and Plasticity" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 2: 869. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020869
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