Proofing Direct-Seeded Rice with Better Root Plasticity and Architecture

Panda, Siddharth; Majhi, Prasanta Kumar; Anandan, Annamalai; Mahender, Anumalla; Veludandi, Sumanth; Bastia, Debendranath; Guttala, Suresh Babu; Singh, Shravan Kumar; Saha, Sanjoy; Ali, Jauhar

doi:10.3390/ijms22116058

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Proofing Direct-Seeded Rice with Better Root Plasticity and Architecture

^1,2,†,

^3,†

^1,*

^4,†

¹,

²,

⁵,

³,

⁶

and

Jauhar Ali

^4,*

Crop Improvement Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India

Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (B.H.U.), Varanasi 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India

⁴

Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Baños, Laguna 4031, Philippines

⁵

Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Prayagraj 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India

⁶

Crop Production Division, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-National Rice Research Institute (NRRI), Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India

Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

These authors contributed equally to this work and share senior authorship.

Academic Editor: Esther M. González

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(11), 6058; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116058

Received: 25 April 2021 / Revised: 30 May 2021 / Accepted: 1 June 2021 / Published: 4 June 2021

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants in 2021)

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Abstract

The underground reserve (root) has been an uncharted research territory with its untapped genetic variation yet to be exploited. Identifying ideal traits and breeding new rice varieties with efficient root system architecture (RSA) has great potential to increase resource-use efficiency and grain yield, especially under direct-seeded rice, by adapting to aerobic soil conditions. In this review, we tried to mine the available research information on the direct-seeded rice (DSR) root system to highlight the requirements of different root traits such as root architecture, length, number, density, thickness, diameter, and angle that play a pivotal role in determining the uptake of nutrients and moisture at different stages of plant growth. RSA also faces several stresses, due to excess or deficiency of moisture and nutrients, low or high temperature, or saline conditions. To counteract these hindrances, adaptation in response to stress becomes essential. Candidate genes such as early root growth enhancer PSTOL1, surface rooting QTL qSOR1, deep rooting gene DRO1, and numerous transporters for their respective nutrients and stress-responsive factors have been identified and validated under different circumstances. Identifying the desired QTLs and transporters underlying these traits and then designing an ideal root architecture can help in developing a suitable DSR cultivar and aid in further advancement in this direction. View Full-Text

Keywords: direct-seeded rice; root system architecture; root plasticity; quantitative trait loci; genes

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Panda, S.; Majhi, P.K.; Anandan, A.; Mahender, A.; Veludandi, S.; Bastia, D.; Guttala, S.B.; Singh, S.K.; Saha, S.; Ali, J. Proofing Direct-Seeded Rice with Better Root Plasticity and Architecture. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6058. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116058

AMA Style

Panda S, Majhi PK, Anandan A, Mahender A, Veludandi S, Bastia D, Guttala SB, Singh SK, Saha S, Ali J. Proofing Direct-Seeded Rice with Better Root Plasticity and Architecture. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(11):6058. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116058

Chicago/Turabian Style

Panda, Siddharth, Prasanta K. Majhi, Annamalai Anandan, Anumalla Mahender, Sumanth Veludandi, Debendranath Bastia, Suresh B. Guttala, Shravan K. Singh, Sanjoy Saha, and Jauhar Ali. 2021. "Proofing Direct-Seeded Rice with Better Root Plasticity and Architecture" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11: 6058. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22116058

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