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Article

Tracking of Glycans Structure and Metallomics Profiles in BRAF Mutated Melanoma Cells Treated with Vemurafenib

by
Monika K. Nisiewicz
1,2,
Agata Kowalczyk
1,
Anna Sobiepanek
2,
Agata Jagielska
1,3,
Barbara Wagner
1,3,
Julita Nowakowska
4,
Marianna Gniadek
1,
Ireneusz P. Grudzinski
5,*,
Tomasz Kobiela
2,* and
Anna M. Nowicka
1,*
1
Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura Str. 1, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
2
Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego Str. 3, PL-00-664 Warsaw, Poland
3
Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Zwirki i Wigury Str. 101, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
4
Laboratory of Electron and Confocal Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa Str.1, PL-02-096 Warsaw, Poland
5
Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha Str. 1, PL-02-097 Warsaw, Poland
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22(1), 439; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010439
Submission received: 11 December 2020 / Revised: 30 December 2020 / Accepted: 30 December 2020 / Published: 4 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Molecular Biology)
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Abstract

Nearly half of patients with advanced and metastatic melanomas harbor a BRAF mutation. Vemurafenib (VEM), a BRAF inhibitor, is used to treat such patients, however, responses to VEM are very short-lived due to intrinsic, adaptive and/or acquired resistance. In this context, we present the action of the B-Raf serine-threonine protein kinase inhibitor (vemurafenib) on the glycans structure and metallomics profiles in melanoma cells without (MeWo) and with (G-361) BRAF mutations. The studies were performed using α1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), a well-known acute-phase protein, and concanavalin A (Con A), which served as the model receptor. The detection of changes in the structure of glycans can be successfully carried out based on the frequency shifts and the charge transfer resistance after interaction of AGP with Con A in different VEM treatments using QCM-D and EIS measurements. These changes were also proved based on the cell ultrastructure examined by TEM and SEM. The LA-ICP-MS studies provided details on the metallomics profile in melanoma cells treated with and without VEM. The studies evidence that vemurafenib modifies the glycans structures and metallomics profile in melanoma cells harboring BRAF mutation that can be further implied in the resistance phenomenon. Therefore, our data opens a new avenue for further studies in the short-term addressing novel targets that hopefully can be used to improve the therapeutic regiment in advanced melanoma patients. The innovating potential of this study is fully credible and has a real impact on the global patient society suffering from advanced and metastatic melanomas.
Keywords: glycans structure; metallomics profile; melanoma cells with BRAF mutation; vemurafenib; α1-acid glycoprotein glycans structure; metallomics profile; melanoma cells with BRAF mutation; vemurafenib; α1-acid glycoprotein
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MDPI and ACS Style

Nisiewicz, M.K.; Kowalczyk, A.; Sobiepanek, A.; Jagielska, A.; Wagner, B.; Nowakowska, J.; Gniadek, M.; Grudzinski, I.P.; Kobiela, T.; Nowicka, A.M. Tracking of Glycans Structure and Metallomics Profiles in BRAF Mutated Melanoma Cells Treated with Vemurafenib. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010439

AMA Style

Nisiewicz MK, Kowalczyk A, Sobiepanek A, Jagielska A, Wagner B, Nowakowska J, Gniadek M, Grudzinski IP, Kobiela T, Nowicka AM. Tracking of Glycans Structure and Metallomics Profiles in BRAF Mutated Melanoma Cells Treated with Vemurafenib. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(1):439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010439

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nisiewicz, Monika K., Agata Kowalczyk, Anna Sobiepanek, Agata Jagielska, Barbara Wagner, Julita Nowakowska, Marianna Gniadek, Ireneusz P. Grudzinski, Tomasz Kobiela, and Anna M. Nowicka. 2021. "Tracking of Glycans Structure and Metallomics Profiles in BRAF Mutated Melanoma Cells Treated with Vemurafenib" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 1: 439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010439

APA Style

Nisiewicz, M. K., Kowalczyk, A., Sobiepanek, A., Jagielska, A., Wagner, B., Nowakowska, J., Gniadek, M., Grudzinski, I. P., Kobiela, T., & Nowicka, A. M. (2021). Tracking of Glycans Structure and Metallomics Profiles in BRAF Mutated Melanoma Cells Treated with Vemurafenib. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 22(1), 439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010439

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