Liver Iron Retention Estimated from Utilization of Oral and Intravenous Radioiron in Various Anemias and Hemochromatosis in Humans

van Vuren, Annelies J.; van Wijk, Richard; van Beers, Eduard J.; Marx, Joannes J.M.

doi:10.3390/ijms21031077

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Liver Iron Retention Estimated from Utilization of Oral and Intravenous Radioiron in Various Anemias and Hemochromatosis in Humans

Annelies J. van Vuren

¹,

Richard van Wijk

²,

Eduard J. van Beers

^1,* and

Joannes J.M. Marx

Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands

Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands

Departments of Haematology and Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21(3), 1077; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031077

Received: 8 January 2020 / Revised: 28 January 2020 / Accepted: 4 February 2020 / Published: 6 February 2020

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Transport, Cellular Uptake and Metabolism of Iron: Molecular Aspects and Regulation in Health and Disease)

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Abstract

Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis and non-transfusion-dependent hereditary anemia develop predominantly liver iron-overload. We present a unique method allowing quantification of liver iron retention in humans during first-pass of ⁵⁹Fe-labeled iron through the portal system, using standard ferrokinetic techniques measuring red cell iron uptake after oral and intravenous ⁵⁹Fe administration. We present data from patients with iron deficiency (ID; N = 47), hereditary hemochromatosis (HH; N = 121) and non-transfusion-dependent hereditary anemia (HA; N = 40). Mean mucosal iron uptake and mucosal iron transfer (±SD) were elevated in patients with HH (59 ± 18%, 80 ± 15% respectively), HA (65 ± 17%, 74 ± 18%) and ID (84 ± 14%, 94 ± 6%) compared to healthy controls (43 ± 19%, 64 ± 18%) (p < 0.05) resulting in increased iron retention after 14 days compared to healthy controls in all groups (p < 0.01). The fraction of retained iron utilized for red cell production was 0.37 ± 0.17 in untreated HA, 0.55 ± 0.20 in untreated HH and 0.99 ± 0.22 in ID (p < 0.01). Interestingly, compared to red blood cell iron utilization after oral iron administration, red blood cell iron utilization was higher after injection of transferrin-bound iron in HA and HH. Liver iron retention was considerably higher in HH and HA compared to ID. We hypothesize that albumin serves as a scavenger of absorbed Fe(II) for delivering albumin-bound Fe(III) to hepatocytes. View Full-Text

Keywords: hemochromatosis 1; iron 2; NTBI 3; hereditary anemia 4; iron deficiency 5

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MDPI and ACS Style

van Vuren, A.J.; van Wijk, R.; van Beers, E.J.; Marx, J.J.M. Liver Iron Retention Estimated from Utilization of Oral and Intravenous Radioiron in Various Anemias and Hemochromatosis in Humans. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 1077. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031077

AMA Style

van Vuren AJ, van Wijk R, van Beers EJ, Marx JJM. Liver Iron Retention Estimated from Utilization of Oral and Intravenous Radioiron in Various Anemias and Hemochromatosis in Humans. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(3):1077. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031077

Chicago/Turabian Style

van Vuren, Annelies J., Richard van Wijk, Eduard J. van Beers, and Joannes J.M. Marx. 2020. "Liver Iron Retention Estimated from Utilization of Oral and Intravenous Radioiron in Various Anemias and Hemochromatosis in Humans" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 3: 1077. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21031077

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Liver Iron Retention Estimated from Utilization of Oral and Intravenous Radioiron in Various Anemias and Hemochromatosis in Humans

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